Instalación FAQ

Nota: Esta es una traducción de una página de la documentación en idioma Inglés (Docs), que se considera particularmente importante, y que en su versión original se actualiza frecuentemente. Por ello, se le recomienda que revise la página original en idioma inglés: Installation FAQ.

Se necesita información del sistema para el foro acerca de los problemas en la instalación

Cuando publique preguntas en el Foro de problemas de instalación, intente proporcionar toda la información posible sobre su plataforma Moodle. Procure proporcionar alguna o todas de las siguientes:

• Nombre del sistema operativo del servidor (y la versión, si es posible).
• Versión de PHP (p.ej: PHP 5.4.4)
• Tipo y versión de la base de datos (ej: MySQL 5.5.18)
• Explorador de internet y versión (ej: Firefox, IE8)
• Versión de Moodle (ej. 3.0).
• Tipo de instalación de Moodle (Nueva / Actualización).
• Fichero config.php de Moodle (por favor, elimine las contraseñas).
• Información de phpinfo.

Asegúrese de proporcionar una descripción relevante (nunca ¡AYUDA! o ¡URGENTE!) y una descripción completa de lo que usted hizo y qué ocurrió. Copie y pegue literalmente cualquier mensaje de error completo. 'Nada' no es ningún síntoma, ¡incluso una página en blanco es algo! Top

PHP - ¿está instalado y qué versión tengo yo?

Make a new file on your web site called info.php, containing the following text, and call it from your browser:

<?PHP phpinfo() ?>

If nothing happens then you don't have PHP installed or your webserver is not configured to handle .php files properly. See the installation docs for some information about where to download it for your computer. See the phpinfo page for details about the content of this page.

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Se me ha dicho que necesito el plugin intl php para continuar con la instalación de Moodle 2.x

The intl.dll from Zend is part of the PHP 5.2.8 release and later. It is aimed at improving the internationalization of php pages and Moodle 2.x uses it as part of this process. If your install is on a local machine or network, then you can download the latest version of PHP and update your PHP. You then have to uncomment all the required dynamic extensions you need, including the php_intl.dll extension. The problem is then solved. If the install is on a host server, then you need to contact your host and ask them to do the same, As an alternative, you can unzip/untar the download file, copy and paste the intl.dll file to your php/ext folder and include the line:

 extension=php_intl.dll

in the Dynamic Extensions section of your php.ini file.

You can also set the error level using:

 intl.error_level = E_WARNING 

but this is not essential

If you are using a Linux install, use your system package manager or specify compilation flag.

   * Debian 5.0 (& Ubuntu) use: apt-get install php-intl or apt-get install php5-intl 
   * CentOS 5.5 (& RedHat) you should (probably) be using php 5.3 from remi and then use: yum install php-intl

This technique can be applied to any updated dynamic extension from Zend. You may want to use later dll files in your php/ext folder, you can do so by doing the same as above, but be careful, your version may not be able to take full advantage of the extension, or some very new extensions may cause an unexpected instability. The best option is still to update on a regular basis, perhaps once a year or so for the PHP.

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¿Cuales extensiones dinámicas realmente necesito des-comentar en mi archivo php.ini? ¿Qué más necesito cambiar?

This assumes you have complete control over the installation and running of your server, if your Moodle is hosted, you need to do something different, which is also discussed below. In the php.ini you need to delete the semi-colon, the ;, from the start of any line to uncomment it. For Moodle, you really should only need to change some values, and make sure the extensions you require are available. These are:

Resource Limits

 memory_limit = 128M     //This is the maximum it requires and on a shared server you may get much less. 

Data Handling

 post_max_size = 512M    //This allows postings of up to 512MB, but set it to suit yourself and your circumstances

Paths and Directories

 doc_root ="driveletter:\path\to\server\active\web\directory"  (e.g. d:\Apache\htdocs or e:\iis\wwwroot )
 and
 extension_dir = "driveletter:\path\to\php\ext" (e.g. d:\php\ext or e:\iis\php\ext)

File Uploads

 upload_max_filesize = 512M    (This is different from the post_max_size this is for file uploads.)

Dynamic Extensions (Windows Only)

PHP 5.3.x

extension=php_curl.dll extension=php_gd2.dll extension=php_gettext.dll extension=php_intl.dll extension=php_imap.dll extension=php_ldap.dll extension=php_mbstring.dll extension=php_exif.dll  ; Must be after mbstring as it depends on it extension=php_mysql.dll extension=php_mysqli.dll extension=php_openssl.dll extension=php_pdo_mssql.dll extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll extension=php_soap.dll extension=php_sockets.dll extension=php_sqlite.dll extension=php_xmlrpc.dll extension=php_zip.dll

These edits and Dynamic extensions cover a range of options here, there are a number of other possibilities, but these listed are the most common ones. Unless you have a specific need, there may not be any reason to deviate from these settings, but if you do, make sure you know what is going to happen. These extensions will also allow you to successfully install and run many other PHP applications.

One example is the Oracle extensions are not shown here, but Oracle can be used for the Moodle database. Another area people often get themselves into trouble is using "Magic quotes". Magic quotes really should be set to off, they were only introduced early in the use of PHP to allow for some inexperienced scripting practices, (read poor, shoddy or dodgy here). If someone is still writing poor scripts, then they deserve to draw attention to themselves and their scripts deleted.

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¿Qué son y en donde se guardan los ajustes de configuración de Moodle?

Configuration settings are stored in the config.php file stored in your moodle folder. This file is created during the installation process. If there is a problem and the installation cannot create the file, you can try creating it manually from the Configuration file docs. Top

Descargas de versiones anteriores de Moodle

It is possible to download previous versions of Moodle that are not found on the Standard Moodle Download page. There are zip and tgz compressed located at http://download.moodle.org/stable[version_number] (see links below).

2.0 Versions	1.9 Versions	1.8 Versions
1.7 Versions	1.6 Versions	1.5 Versions
1.4 Versions	1.3 Versions

You can download previous releases by using wget, lynx or curl with this URL: http://download.moodle.org/stable[version_number].

For example: to download Moodle version 1.5, use http://download.moodle.org/stable15. You'll see a directory tree with the files displayed. Click on the one you want and download as normal - if you require the latest update of the version, scroll to the end of the list and download the "moodle-latest" file.

• Windows Packages: To download other releases not found in Moodle packages for Windows, use this URL:

http://download.moodle.org/windows/MoodleWindowsInstaller-latest-[version_number].zip

• Mac Packages: To download other releases not found in Mac packages, use either of these URLs (depending on whether you need the Intel or PPC package):

http://download.moodle.org/macosx/Moodle4Mac-Intel-[version_number].dmg

http://download.moodle.org/macosx/Moodle4Mac-PPC-[version_number}.dmg

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Como habilitar y revisar bitácoras de error PHP

PHP can be set up to log errors in a variety of different ways: two of these involve the use of the php.ini file and the ini_set command. See PHP_error_logs.

"No se pudo encontrar un curso de nivel superior"

If this appears immediately after you have attempted to install Moodle it almost certainly means that the installation did not complete. A complete installation will ask you for the administrator profile and to name the site just before it completes. Check your logs for errors. Then drop the database and start again. If you used the web-based installer try the command line one. Does your computer definitely have sufficient resource to run Moodle?

No se están enviando copias de Email desde mis foros

You must set up cron properly if you want Moodle to send out automatic email from forums, assignments etc. This same process also performs a number of clean-up tasks such as deleting old unconfirmed users, unenrolling old students and so on. Please refer to the cron instructions.

Tips:

• Try the default settings in Settings > Site administration > Plugins > Message outputs > Email. This generally works. Except...
• On a Windows server you *must* supply the address of an SMTP server (Windows, unlike Unix, does not have a build in mail server) in the above settings page
• Make sure that allowuseremailcharset in Settings > Site administration > Plugins > Message outputs > Email is set to No unless you really know what you are doing. Setting this to Yes can cause a problem in some versions of Moodle.
• Check your firewall or ask your network administrator. Many mail servers are heavily locked down and you may need permission to send mail through them.

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No puedo ingresar al sitio - Solamente estoy atascado en la pantalla de ingreso

This may also apply if you are seeing “Your session has timed out. Please login again” or "A server error that affects your login session was detected. Please login again or restart your browser" and cannot log in.

The following are possible causes and actions you can take (in no particular order):

• Check first that your main admin account (which will be a manual account) is also a problem. If your users are using an external authentication method (e.g. LDAP) that could be the problem. Isolate the fault and make sure it really is Moodle before going any further.
• Check that your hard disk is not full or if your server is on shared hosting check that you have not reached your disk space quota. This will prevent new sessions being created and nobody will be able to log in.
• Carefully check the permissions in your 'moodledata' area. The web server needs to be able to write to the 'sessions' subdirectory.
• Your own computer (not your Moodle server) may have a firewall that is stripping referrer information from the browser. Here are some instructions for fixing Norton firewall products.
• Try deleting the sessions folder in your moodledata directory (anybody currently logged in will be thrown out)
• Try deleting cookies on your computer and/or try another browser or another client computer
• In Settings > Site administration > Server > Session Handling, try setting a value for 'Cookie prefix'. You can also do this by setting $CFG->sessioncookie='something'; in config.php. This is especially true if you are using multiple Moodles on the same browser.
• Make sure you have not removed or changed the Salado de contraseña value(s) in config.php. If passwords were created using a salt the correct salt must be in config.php for those passwords to continue to work. This is easily done if you recreate config.php while performing an upgrade and forget to transfer the salt values.
• Do you have a .htaccess file in your Moodle folder (or its parent directories). If so, is there anything in there that might be causing trouble (strange redirects, access restrictions etc.)?
• Check the value of mnet_localhost_id in the mdl_config database table. It's normally 1 but must match the mnet_hostid field in your user records in the mdl_user table for the user to be recognised. It can sometimes get changed spuriously during upgrades or site migrations.
• Check config.php - it should NOT have any spaces/new lines at the end of code.
• You are using the correct username and password, yes?

If you are still having problems, read the No puedo ingresar page. You could also try changing the admin password. Proceed as if you have lost it - see Administración FAQ.

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Yo ingreso al sitio, pero el enlace del ingreso no cambia. Yo estoy ingresado pero no puedo navegar libremente.

Make sure the URL in your $CFG->wwwroot setting is exactly the same as the one you are actually using to access the site.

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El subir imágenes me da un error de "Archivo no encontrado (File not found)"

For example: Not Found: The requested URL /moodle/file.php/2/myfile.jpg was not found on this server.

This indicates that slash arguments are not enabled on your web server. Please see Usando slash arguments for details.

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¿Porqué están vacías todas mis páginas?

Check the dirroot variable in config.php. You must use complete, absolute pathnames (e.g.)

$CFG->dirroot = "/var/www/moodle";

Another reason might be that PHP has not been configured to support MySQL (or whatever other database you are using). This is common on RedHat and OpenBSD installations. In this case, an error is generated, but since error displays are often disabled by default, all that is seen on the browser is a blank screen. To enable PHP error displays see Como habilitar y revisar bitácoras de error PHP.

To determine if database support is your problem, insert this as the second line in your config.php file

phpinfo();

then reload the web page. Examine the output closely to see if you chosen database is supported. If not, look for a package you are missing.

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¿Porqué una página en particular está vacía o incompleta?

• Check your web server log files!!

If a particular page is blank or incomplete (it doesn't display the footer), before you do anything else switch on Depuración and Como habilitar y revisar bitácoras de error PHP. Having established that PHP error logging is working, reproduce the error. Immediately check the error log file right at the end. Hopefully you will see a PHP error message at or very near the end of the file. This may solve your problem directly or makes it a lot easier to diagnose the problem in the Moodle forums.

• If you are upgrading to a new version of Moodle, check that you do not have an old version of a non-standard block or module installed. Remove any such blocks or modules installed using the admin settings page and start the install process again. However, do also make sure that you have included all optional plugins that were required by your courses. This is particularly common with "editing on".

• If you do not see any blocks listed, turn editing on and remove any blocks that you have added to that page and try reloading.

• You may get this error immediately after selecting a language. At this stage of the installation process your Moodle computer may need to connect to the Internet and download a language pack, so check that the computer can access the Internet by using a browser. Check also that your PHP settings are as given in the Moodle Requisitos de Moodle page.

Vea también:

• Using Moodle PHP configuration error forum discussion

La instalación se pasma al configurar las tablas de la BasedeDatos

Sometimes the installation will hang when setting up tables, where only half the page displayed in the browser and/or other outputs are removed. You may see truncated MySQL statements, or the “Scroll to continue” link is displayed but no “Continue” button is there.

See Paros inesperados de la instalación for more about solutions that involve:

• Checking for MySQL limits
• Checking the .htaccess files
• Code customizations issues
• Checking memory limit
• Upgrade incrementally
• Fix fopen function

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¿Porqué no puedo subir una nueva imagen a mi perfil?

If you don't see anything on your user profile pages to let you upload user images then it's usually one of the following:

• The permissions associated with the role you are using are preventing you from changing your profile picture.
• GD is not installed, or is not enabled on your server. Make sure GD has been included in your PHP installation. You can check this by going to Site Administration > Server > PHP info and looking for the gdversion setting. This setting is chosen automatically every time you visit that page. If it shows GD version 1 or version 2 then everything should be fine. Save that configuration page and go back to your user profile.
• GD is installed, but is in some way corrupt. For instance, see this discussion on empty lines or white spaces in config files.

GD is a library that allows image processing. For example, when all is well with your system, and you upload a new profile image, GD compresses the image and produces two thumbnails, one is 100x100 pixels, and the other is 35x35 pixels.

If Moodle thinks GD is not installed, then you will need to install the GD library.

• On Unix you may need to re-compile PHP with arguments something like this:

./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-xml --with-gd 
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-png-dir=/usr --with-ttf --enable-gd-native-ttf 
--enable-magic-quotes --with-mysql --enable-sockets --enable-track-vars 
--enable-versioning --with-zlib

• On Windows this is usually a matter of "turning on" the extension in PHP by editing your php.ini file. To do this remove the semicolon for the php_gd2.dll extension - check that this file is actually present in your php extensions folder first (search your php.ini for extension_dir to determine where this points to on your hard disk). You should then have a line that looks like this:

extension=php_gd2.dll

Windows users should see the instrucciones para instalación for further help.

3. Remember to restart your webserver (if possible) and re-visit the Moodle configuration page after making any changes to PHP so it can pick up the correct version of GD.

See also: Using Moodle forum discussion Profile pictures for additional information.

¿Porqué mi sitio Moodle no muestra correctamente la fecha y la hora?

Please check the timezone settings in settings in Administration > Site administration > Location > Location settings.

¿Cómo des-instalo Moodle?

Webhost/manual installation: If you have installed Moodle manually or have installed onto a webhost, follow these steps:

• Delete the moodle database using this mysql command (or delete using your mysql client, e.g. PHPMyAdmin):

sql>DROP DATABASE moodle;

In the above example replace 'moodle' with the name of the moodle database you created when installing.

• Delete the moodledata directory. If you, or your users, have uploaded materials into this directory take a copy of these before deleting this directory.
• Delete the moodle directory itself. This will delete all of the moodle PHP script files.

XAMPP windows installation: If you have installed Moodle on windows through the XAMPP package, follow these steps:

• Open cmd.exe and navigate to this directory within your installation directory:

server/mysql/bin

• Run this command, replacing USERNAME with your database username (the default is "root") and DATABASE with your database name (the default is "moodle"):

mysqladmin.exe -u USERNAME -p drop DATABASE

• Enter your database password at the prompt (the default is "" [blank]).
• Enter "y" to confirm the database drop.
• Delete the moodledata directory. If you, or your users, have uploaded materials into this directory take a copy of these before deleting this directory.
• Delete the moodle directory itself. This will delete all of the moodle PHP script files.

Migración de Moodle hacia un sitio nuevo o a un servidor nuevo

Migrating Moodle means that you have to move the current installation to a new server, and so may have to change IP addresses or DNS entries. To do this you will need to change the $CFG->wwwroot value in the config.php on the new server. You will also have to change any absolute links stored in the database backup file (before restoring the file on the new server) either using the Herramienta para buscar y remplazar, your text editor or another "search and replace" tool, e.g. sed. For more details see the Migración de Moodle page.

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¿Porqué mi instalación nueva se muestra correctamente en el servidor, pero cuando la veo desde una máquina diferente, faltan estilos e imágenes?

In the installation instructions, one of the suggested settings for 'webroot' is 'localhost'. This is fine if all you want to do is some local testing of your new Moodle installation. If, however, you want to view your new installation from another machine on the same local area network, or view your site on the internet, you will have to change this setting:

• For local testing, 'localhost' is fine for the webroot ($CFG->wwwroot in config.php).
• If you want to test your site from other machines on the same local area network (LAN), then you will have to use the private ip address of the serving machine, (e.g. 192.168.1.2/moodle) or the network name of the serving computer (e.g. network_name_of_serving_machine/moodle) as the web root. Depending on your LAN setup, it may be better to use the network name of the computer rather than its (private) ip address, because the ip address can and will change from time to time. If you don't want to use the network name, then you will have to speak to your network administrator and have them assign a permanent ip address to the serving machine.
• Finally, if you want to test your new installation across the internet, you will have to use either a domain name or a permanent (public) ip address/moodle as your web root. To handle both types of access, see masquerading.

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Tamaño máximo del archivo a subir - ¿cómo lo cambio?

Hay varios lugares en donde se cambia el tamaño máximo del archivo a subir:

En Moodle anterior a 3.5 el primer lugar es el Bloque de administración bajo Seguridad -> Políticas del sitio -> y buscar el Tamaño Máximo de archivo a subir (Maximum Uploaded File Size).

En Moodle 3.5 y más recientes el primer lugar es en la Administración del sitio -> Seguridad -> Configuraciones de seguridad del sitio y buscar el Tamaño Máximo de archivo a subir (Maximum Uploaded File Size).

Esta es la variable "maxbyte" encontrada en versiones aun más antiguas de Moodle (en Admin > Variables). Los profesores también pueden configurar el tamaño máximo del archivo en el bloque de administración del curso.

If the above does not provide a large enough figure you will need to make changes in your server settings. The usual place is in your php.ini file (go to Site administration > Server > PHPinfo and check a few lines down for its location). Look for settings upload_max_filesize and post_max_size, setting them both to your desired new value (e.g. '64MB'). You will need to restart the web server for these changes to take effect - e.g. on Linux, /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload. Check your documentation or just reboot the server. NGINX system administrators should also add client_max_body_size=XXX to the "http" section of their nginx main configuration file. (see more info)

Para más ayuda, vea:

• Administración_FAQ#.C2.BFC.C3.B3mo_funcionan_los_l.C3.ADmites_para_archivos_subidos.3F
• Instalación_de_Moodle#Recheck_PHP_settings
• Instalación_de_Moodle#Using_a_.htaccess_file_for_webserver_and_PHP_settings
• Políticas_del_sitio#Tama.C3.B1o_m.C3.A1ximo_del_archivo_subido
• These forum posts: http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=63840#287960 and http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=93882#p414650

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Moodle dice que el manejo de flotación PHP ( PHP float handling ) no es compatible

The symptom is that when you try to install or upgrade your Moodle, you get a message "Detected unexpected problem in handling of PHP float numbers".

This forum thread and MDL-18253 have more information. In short, this problem should not happen, you can help us by telling posting information about exactly which version of PHP, and OS you are using. That may let us find a way to work around this problem.

You may be able to solve this issue by installing a more recent PHP versions. If you compile PHP yourself from source, changing the compilation options may help. However, since we don't understand the cause, we don't really know. If you do find a solution that works for you, please do tell us about it.

Update: we have a guess that the problem may be the 'precision' setting in your php.ini file. In a default PHP install this is set of 14. On at least one server that exhibited this problem it had been changed to a smaller value. So, if you see this problem, please try adding

ini_set('precision', 14);

to your config.php file, and report your success in MDL-18253.

Al actualizar Moodle dice que mi BasedeDatos MySQL no es UTF8 cuando yo etstoy seguro de que si lo es

The UTF-8 detection for MySQL databases was finally fixed in Moodle 2.5, some incorrectly configured databases were previously reported as compatible.

Please note it is not enough to alter the charset and collation of the database, you must fix each text column in each database table!

Before going any further make sure you understand the difference between character encoding (how text is stored) and collations (the rules for comparing text strings). Collation problems will never cause this error but have a bunch of problems of their own.

Vea Convirtiendo su base de datos MySQL a UTF8

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¿Cómo corro instancias múltiples de Moodle sin duplicar el código base?

See this thread for a detailed explanation by Martin Langhoff.

¿Cómo instalo un plugin?

Por favor vea Instalando plugins.

No puedo habilitar un plugin en la página de vista general de plugins porque el ícono no es clickable

The open and closed eye icon on the Plugins overview page is simply there to show whether or not a plugin is enabled. You can't edit plugins from this screen. If you wish to enable a plugin, to to the appropriate page for managing the type of plugin you need, for instance Settings>Site administration>Plugins>Repositories>Manage repositories or Settings>Site administration>Plugins>Activity modules>Manage activities.

Vea también

• Errores FAQ
• Using Moodle Installation problems forum
• Beginning Moodle 2.0 Administration FAQ

Once your site is installed use these movies to inform your initial site setup;

• MoodleBites for Administrators - Site setup part 1 YouTube movie
• MoodleBites for Administrators - Site setup part 2 YouTube movie

Installing Moodle in a shared web hosting environment:

• Finding and Selecting a web host
• Installing Moodle on SmarterASP.NET web hosting