OPcache
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Existe documentación diferente para varias versiones de Moodle: Esta página es acerca de OPcache para Moodle 3.5 y más modernos. Para la documentación anterior, vaya a 34/OPcache y 29/OPcache . |
La extensión estándar OPCache está altamente recomendada; desde Moodle 2.6, es la única solución soportada oficialmente por los desarrolladores de PHP. Los beneficios son aumento del desempeño y significativamente menor uso de memoria. Sin embargo, las extensiones para cacheo de opcode (incluyendo OPcache, eAccelerator y APC) no son compatibles con los servidores configurados para usar algunos tipos comunes de manejadores PHP de alta seguridad, tales como su PHP (que se emplea por defecto en servidores Linux WHM / cPanel ). Esto es muy común en servidores compartidos.
Instalación
La extensión OPcache es distribuida como parte de PHP 5.5.0 y posteriores. Está disponible también para versiones estables más antiguas de PHP desde PECL bajo el nombre original ZendOPcache.
NOTA: Si Usted está corriendo PHP 5.3 o 5.4 Usted puede ignorar con seguridad el mensaje de revisión del Entorno sobre OpCache. Sin embargo, se recomienda que actualice PHP a 5.5 o posterior; debido a los muchos problemas descritos con PHP 5.2 y 5.3, donde el actualizar PHP resultó ser la solución más sencilla.
Linux, macOS y otras plataformas similares a Linux
Usted podría necesitar instalar un paquete específico, como por ejemplo en CentOS, Fedora o Red Hat: dnf install php-opcache. Si fuera necesario añada lo siguiente a php.ini (los instaladores de paquetes podrían hacer esto automáticamente):
zend_extension=/full/path/to/opcache.so
Microsoft Windows
La extensión php_opcache.dll está incluida en la carpeta ext dentro de PHP for Windows binary downloads. Para habilitarla añada lo siguiente a php.ini:
zend_extension=php_opcache.dll
Configuración
Configuraciones en php.ini
('''PHP v5.0''')
[opcache]
zend_extension=php_opcache.dl;
opcache.enable=1;
opcache.memory_consumption=128;
opcache.max_accelerated_files=50000;
opcache.revalidate_freq=6;
;Requerido para Moodle
opcache.use_cwd=1;
opcache.validate_timestamps=1;
opcache.save_comments=1;
opcache.enable_file_override=0;
;Si algo no funciona en Moodle
opcache.revalidate_path=1; Puede arreglar problemas con rutas include
opcache.mmap_base=0x20000000; (Windows only) fix OPcache crashes with event id 487
; Experimental for Moodle 2.6 and later
;opcache.fast_shutdown = 1
;opcache.enable_cli = 1 ; Speeds up CLI cron
;opcache.load_comments = 0 ; May lower memory use, might not be compatible with add-ons and other apps.
It's worth noting that in PHP v8.0 and above, many of these Opcache parameters have been updated (with some parameters being deprecated) and the defaults are now largely sufficient - you'll notice that memory_consumption, max_accelerated_files, use_cwd, validate_timestamps & enable_file_override default to the suggested values above. For PHP v8.0, the default configuration looks like the following:
[opcache]
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
;opcache.enable=1
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled for the CLI version of PHP
;opcache.enable_cli=0
; The OPcache shared memory storage size.
;opcache.memory_consumption=128
; The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table.
; Only numbers between 200 and 1000000 are allowed.
;opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
; When this directive is enabled, the OPcache appends the current working
; directory to the script key, thus eliminating possible collisions between
; files with the same name (basename). Disabling the directive improves
; performance, but may break existing applications.
;opcache.use_cwd=1
; When disabled, you must reset the OPcache manually or restart the
; webserver for changes to the filesystem to take effect.
;opcache.validate_timestamps=1
; How often (in seconds) to check file timestamps for changes to the shared
; memory storage allocation. ("1" means validate once per second, but only
; once per request. "0" means always validate)
;opcache.revalidate_freq=2
; Enables or disables file search in include_path optimization
;opcache.revalidate_path=0
; Allow file existence override (file_exists, etc.) performance feature.
;opcache.enable_file_override=0
Things that you'd consider changing in PHP v8.0 and above to match the original script are:
- revalidate_freq (defaults to 2, 60 was the previously recommended value)
- enable_cli (defaults to 0, 1 was previously recommended)
Personally after the last update to Moodle 4.3 (running PHP 8.2 on our server), I opted to simply leave the defaults running for testing - as far as we can tell, we haven't seen a performance hit, though it's worth noting the installation I manage/work with is only ~100 users, compared with the multiple thousands other Moodle installations contend with - so it's really a case of see what best suits your Organization. Fortunately the two options above are relatively simple :)
Below are a couple of descriptions for two of the above parameters:
- memory_consumption
From: PHP's OPCache extension review
- The size of the memory segment can be told using the opcache.memory_consumption INI setting (Megabytes). Size it big, don't hesitate to give space. Never ever run out of shared memory space, if you do, you will lock your processes, we'll get back to that later.
- Size the shared memory segment according to your needs, don't forget that a production server dedicated to PHP processes may bundle several dozens of Gigabytes of memory, just for PHP. Having a 1Gb shared memory segment (or more) is not uncommon, it will depend on your needs, but if you use a modern application stack, aka framework based, with lots of dependencies etc... , then use at least 1Gb of shared memory.
Having that in mind, set opcache.memory_consumption to a value high enough to avoid filling it up (as long as your RAM usage allows you to), and then monitor the OPCache to adjust that value to its optimal size. As the total size of the PHP files in a standard Moodle 4.3 is around 111MB, setting this value higher than that can be a good idea. Take into account that the PHP files of the plugins and those on the MoodleData folder (language pack files...) also count, so these values can be different on each installation. If you have several instances of Moodle you should multiply that value by the number of instances.
Tip: If using Linux, you can know the total size of the PHP files of a folder using this command:
find ./ -type f -name "*.php" -printf "%s\n" | gawk -M '{t+=$1}END{print t}' | numfmt --to=iec
- max_accelerated_files
From: php.net max-accelerated-files
- The maximum number of keys (and therefore scripts) in the OPcache hash table. The actual value used will be the first number in the set of prime numbers { 223, 463, 983, 1979, 3907, 7963, 16229, 32531, 65407, 130987, 262237, 524521, 1048793 } that is greater than or equal to the configured value. The minimum value is 200. The maximum value is 1000000. Values outside of this range are clamped to the permissible range.
As Moodle 4.3 contains more than 13.700 php files it is recommended above that opcache.max_accelerated_files should be set to 14000 to accommodate this (16229 will actually be used as per the explanation above). If you have several instances of Moodle you should multiply that value by the number of instances.
If many additional plugins are installed so that your total PHP files exceed 16229 then the next most suitable value for max_accelerated_files should be used.
Tip: If using Linux, you can know the total PHP files of your Moodle using this command:
find ./ -type f | grep -E ".*\.php$" | sed -e 's/.*\(\.[a-zA-Z0-9]*\)$/\1/' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
Plugin para la gestión de Opcache
Usted podría considerar instalar el plugin adicional de Opcache management - Plugin de Moodle que añade una Interfase Gráfica del Usuario para gestión de Opcache de PHP, una herramienta de Interfase de Línea de comando para reiniciar Opcache PHP y para revisar Nagios para PHP Opcache.
Vea también
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