通过命令行进行管理

如果你可以访问 Web 服务器的控制台，你会发现 Moodle 有一系列的管理员脚本工具可以供你使用。

可以使用的核心管理员工具位于 admin/cli/* 目录中。

如果其他插件也提供了管理员命令行工具，那这个工具通常位于插件安装目录自己的 cli 文件夹中。

例如 enrol_db 同步脚本就位于 enrol/db/cli/ 文件夹中。

为了避免访问控制权限的问题，你应该使用这些命令行工具的所有人权限来运行这些脚本。这个在 Moodle 进行安装和升级的时候尤其重要，因为 Moodle 在安装和升级的时候将会在 Moodledata 目录和 Web 服务器的目录中写入文件。

在 Linux 的环境下，操作系统通常使用 apache 或者 wwrun 或者 httpd 或者其他相似的用户。

作为一个 root 用户，你可以以下面的形式执行 Moodle CLI 脚本

   $ cd /path/to/your/moodle/dir
   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/somescript.php --params

很多脚本都使用 --help (或 -h) 参数来显示有用的帮助信息，例如：

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/install.php --help

Upgrading via command line

Moodle can be upgraded from the command line. As with the installation script, there is either interactive or non-interactive mode of the upgrade. The script itself does not put the site into the maintenance mode, you have to do it on your own. Also, the script does not backup any data (if you read this page, you probably have some own scripts to backup your moodledata and the database, right?)

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/upgrade.php

Upgrading via command line is a very comfortable way of Moodle upgrade if you use Git checkout of the Moodle source code (see Git for Administrators). See the following procedure how to upgrade your site within several seconds to the most recent version while preserving your eventual local customizations tracked in git repository:

   $ cd /var/www/sites/moodle/htdocs/
   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/maintenance.php --enable
   $ git pull
   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/upgrade.php
   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/maintenance.php --disable

Installation via command line

Since version 2.0, Moodle can be installed from the command line. There are two modes of installation. In interactive mode, the install script asks you for all data needed to properly set up new Moodle site. In non-interactive mode, you must provide all required data as the script parameters and then the new site is installed silently. The parameters can be passed in the interactive mode, too. The provided values are then used as the default values during the interactive session.

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/install.php --lang=cs

维护模式

通过命令行工具来将你的网站设置为维护状态：

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/maintenance.php --enable

如果希望将 Moodle 的网站状态设置为活动状态，请使用同样的命令行，但是使用 --disable 作为参数。

Offline mode

In some situations, you may want to switch your Moodle site into offline mode so that it is not accessible via the web but you can not stop the web server completely (typically because there are other web pages and applications running there). If a file called climaintenance.html exists in the root folder of moodledata directory, Moodle will automatically display the contents of that file instead of any other page.

   $ cd /var/www/sites/moodle/moodledata/
   $ echo '<h1>Sorry, maintenance in progress</h1>' > climaintenance.html

You can prepare a nice formatted HTML page to inform your users about the server being down and keep in the moodledata directory under a name like climaintenance.off and rename it to the climaintenance.html if needed.

Custom site defaults

During the install and upgrade via CLI, Moodle sets the administration variables to the default values. You can use different defaults. See MDL-17850 for details. Shortly, all you need to do is to add a file local/defaults.php into your Moodle installation. The format of the file is like

<?php $defaults['pluginname']['settingname'] = 'settingvalue'; // for plugins $defaults['moodle']['settingname'] = 'settingvalue'; // for core settings

These defaults are used during install, upgrade and are also displayed as defaults at the Site administration pages.

Reset user password

If you happen to forget your admin password (or you want to set a password for any other user of your Moodle system), you can use reset_password.php script. The script sets the correctly salted password for the given user.

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/reset_password.php

MySQL storage engine conversion

If you run your Moodle site with MySQL database backend and use the default MyISAM as the storage engine for your tables, you may want to convert them to use some more reliable engine like InnoDB (actually, you should want to switch to PostgreSQL ;-) anyway).

   $ sudo -u apache /usr/bin/php admin/cli/mysql_engine.php --engine=InnoDB

Running cron via command line

In versions 1.x, you could execute admin/cron.php either from command line or via the web. Since Moodle 2.0, only admin/cli/cron.php script can be run via command line.

Database transfer

A command line script for Database transfer may be found in admin/tool/dbtransfer/cli/migrate.php.

Update user pictures via command line

  http://moodle.org/pluginfile.php/143/mod_forum/attachment/926929/updatepics.php

Tested for 2.3.1+

Place this file in /admin/cli/updatepics.php

How to use: Run with "dir" option to specify which directory contains the files.

  .../admin/cli/updatepics.php --dir=PATH_TO_DIR

File names must be identical to usernames

Manage MOD's,Blocks via command line

Here are two scripts to help you manage your plugins.

  http://tracker.moodle.org/browse/MDL-35736

How to use "manage_blocks.php": place in /admin/cli

hide: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=tag_youtube --hide

show: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=tag_youtube --show

delete: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=tag_youtube --delete

protect: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=tag_youtube --protect

unprotect: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=tag_youtube --unprotect

(obviously - replace "tag_youtube" with the blockthat you want to remove...)

How to use "manage_mods.php":

hide: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=game --hide

show: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=game --show

delete: ../admin/cli/manage_blocks.php --name=game --delete

Important!

this script does not delete the relevant folder in /moodle/mod or /moodle/blocks

you have to delete it yourself !

Update language pack via CLI

 http://tracker.moodle.org/browse/MDL-35735

Place attached file in /admin/cli and simply run it, without any command-line arguments :)

ReSort course list via CLI

 http://tracker.moodle.org/browse/MDL-36237