Creating custom roles

Creating a new role

To create a custom role:

Go to Administration > Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles.
Click the "Add a new role" button.
If desired, select an existing role or upload a preset, otherwise click the continue button.
Give the role a Short name e.g. 'Parent'.The short name is necessary for other plugins in Moodle that may need to refer to the role (e.g. when uploading users from a file or setting enrolments via an enrolment plugin).
You must provide a full name for all custom roles. If you need to name the role for multiple languages you can use multi-lang syntax if you wish.
Give the role a description (optional).
Select an appropriate role archetype (see below for further information).
Select the contexts where the role may be assigned e.g. 'User' for Parent role.
Set permissions as required.
Scroll to the top or bottom of the page and click the "Create this role" button.

Adding a new role and setting context types

Choose "Allow" where required

Extra options with "Show advanced" enabled

Role archetypes

A role archetype

Is a hard-coded template for a role
Is used during upgrades when adding defaults for new capabilities - no archetype = no new capabilities during upgrade
Is used during when resetting a role to determine the defaults - no archetype = reset removes all capabilities

There is no need to set a role archetype for custom roles used for overrides or if the site admin wants to specify new capabilities manually after upgrading.

The archetypes (which relate directly to the built-in roles) are:

Manager
Course creator
Teacher (editing)
Teacher (non-editing)
Student
Guest
Authenticated user
Authenticated user on frontpage

Creating a duplicate role

To create a duplicate role:

Go to Administration > Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles.
Click the "Add a new role" button.
Select existing role as a template
Give a name and set permissions for your new role; scroll down and click "Create this role".

New role considerations

A new role is not automatically listed in course descriptions even if was created by copying a role that is listed, such as Teacher. If you want the new role to appear in the course listing, you must set it explicitly via Administration > Site administration > Appearance > Courses>Course Contacts"

Testing a new role

Administration > Switch role to Use the "Switch role to" link to see what another role will see in that context.

Since switching roles confines you to those roles you can assign in a course context, this method is only useful for testing course-scoped capabilities (i.e. it will not be useful for testing permissions that apply outside the course context, like moodle/user:edit).

Tip: You can always create test user and assign the new role to them. Then logout as admin and login as the test user. This is really the best way to test a new role.

Example custom roles

Parent - for providing parents/mentors/tutors with permission to view certain information about their children/mentees/tutees
Demo teacher - for providing a demonstration teacher account with a password which can't be changed
Forum moderator - for providing a user with permission in a particular forum to edit or delete forum posts, split discussions and move discussions to other forums
Forum poster role - a highly restricted custom role which may be given to a visitor account to enable them to post in forums in a guest access course.
Calendar editor - for enabling a user to add site or course events to the calendar
Blogger - for limiting blogging to specific users only
Quiz user with unlimited time - for allowing a user unlimited time to attempt a quiz which has a time limit set
Question creator - for enabling students to create questions for use in quizzes
Question sharer - for allowing teachers to share questions between courses
Course requester role - for restricting users who can make course requests
Feedback template creator - for allowing teachers to save as "Public" a Feedback template.
Grading forms publisher - for allowing teachers to share Advanced grading forms with others
Grading forms manager - for allowing teachers to share Advanced grading forms with others and to delete templates others have created.
Grade viewer - for allowing users to view but not edit grades.
Gallery owner role - may be used to provide editing capabilities (add and edit gallery images) to users on individual Lightbox Galleries.
Course tagger - for allowing users other than managers and editing teachers to tag courses.
Competency reviewer - for allowing teachers to review competencies.
Learning plan supervisor for allowing teachers to create learning plans for their own students.
Learning plan viewer for allowing teachers to view the learning plans of their own students.
Student tester - a clone of the default Student role with the ability to see hidden courses set to Allow.
Privacy Officer - A Privacy Officer can respond to data requests and manage the data registry

Uploading users to a system role

Where certain custom roles are applied in the system context, it is possible to upload users to that role in bulk by adding the field sysrole1 (etc) to the CSV file

Documentation