Creating custom roles

Creating a new role

To create a custom role:

Go to Settings > Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles.
Click the "Add a new role" button.
On the add a new role page, give the role a name e.g. 'Parent'. If you need to name the role for multiple languages you can use multi-lang syntax if you wish.
Give the role a meaningful short name. The short name is necessary for other plugins in Moodle that may need to refer to the role (e.g. when uploading users from a file or setting enrolments via an enrolment plugin).
Give the role a description (optional).
Select an appropriate role archetype (see below for further information).
Select the contexts where the role may be assigned e.g. 'User' for Parent role.
Set permissions as required.
Scroll to the top or bottom of the page and click the "Create this role" button.

Adding a new role

Setting the context types

Role archetypes

A role archetype

Is a hard-coded template for a role
Is used during upgrades when adding defaults for new capabilities - no archetype = no new capabilities during upgrade
Is used during when resetting a role to determine the defaults - no archetype = reset removes all capabilities

There is no need to set a role archetype for custom roles used for overrides or if the site admin wants to specify new capabilities manually after upgrading.

Creating a duplicate role

To create a duplicate role:

Go to Settings > Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles.
In the "edit" column on the right, click the x2 icon.
Give a name and set permissions for your new role; scroll down and click "create this role".
The list of roles will now show the "... copy 1" at the bottom, for example "Guest copy 1".

New role considerations

A newly-created role does not have the ability to assign or override any other roles. This is true even when the new role is a copy of a role that had such abilities. If such ability is needed, the administrator must grant it explicitly via the 'Allow role assignments' and 'Allow role overrides' tabs.

A new role is not automatically listed in course descriptions even if was created by copying a role that is listed, such as Teacher. If you want the new role to appear in the course listing, you must set it explicitly via Settings > Site administration > Appearance > Course managers.

Testing a new role

Settings > Switch role to Use the "Switch role to" link to see what another role will see in that context.

Since switching roles confines you to those roles you can assign in a course context, this method is only useful for testing course-scoped capabilities (i.e. it will not be useful for testing permissions that apply outside the course context, like moodle/user:edit).

Tip: You can always create test user and assign the new role to them. Then logout as admin and login as the test user. This is really the best way to test a new role.

Example custom roles

Parent - for providing parents/mentors/tutors with permission to view certain information about their children/mentees/tutees
Demo teacher - for providing a demonstration teacher account with a password which can't be changed
Forum moderator - for providing a user with permission in a particular forum to edit or delete forum posts, split discussions and move discussions to other forums
Calendar editor - for enabling a user to add site or course events to the calendar
Blogger - for limiting blogging to specific users only
Quiz user with unlimited time - for allowing a user unlimited time to attempt a quiz which has a time limit set
Question creator - for enabling students to create questions for use in quizzes
Course requester role - for restricting users who can make course requests
Cohort enroller - for allowing teachers to enrol category cohorts into their course
Template creator - for allowing teachers to save as "Public" a Feedback template.

Documentation