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| = Migrating =
| | Please see https://docs.moodle.org/en/Nginx |
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| == from lighttpd/php-fpm ==
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| Moving from a fully-functional lighttpd/php-fpm setup to nginx/php-fpm is fairly easy. The only trick is to pass the right values as fastcgi parameters.
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| If your current setup requires <code>cgi.fix_pathinfo=1</code> you should set the <code>SCRIPT_FILENAME</code> parameter in nginx as follows:
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| <code bash>
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| fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name$fastcgi_path_info;
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| </code>
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| Without the above you'll probably have some issues with missing images and css styling.
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| = From scratch =
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| This is a starting guide to install Moodle with Nginx/PHP-fpm/Postgres on the
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| [http://releases.ubuntu.com/ latest Ubuntu LTS]. It is important to take note that Moodle is heavily tested in an Apache2 environment, not in a nginx environment. This document is for people having previously installed a Moodle site and a Ubuntu distribution, and having some basic knowledge of Linux command lines (vim, linux permissions, compiling, etc.).
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| == Nginx ==
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| <code bash>
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| sudo apt-get update
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| sudo apt-get upgrade
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| sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
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| sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nginx/stable
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| sudo apt-get update
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| sudo apt-get install nginx
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| sudo mkdir -p /home/nginx/localhost/{public,private,log,backup}
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| sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/server.conf.d
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| </code>
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| sudo vim /etc/nginx/server.conf.d/php.conf
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| <code bash>
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| # This code was found here : http://kbeezie.com/view/php-self-path-nginx/
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| # Thanks to KBeezie !!!
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| # It makes this configuration to be Moodle 2.x compliant ;)
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| fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
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| # this will allow Nginx to intercept 4xx/5xx error codes
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| # Nginx will only intercept if there are error page rules defined
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| # -- This is better placed in the http {} block as a default
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| # -- so that in the case of wordpress, you can turn it off specifically
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| # -- in that virtual host's server block
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|
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| location ~ \.php {
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| fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
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| # A handy function that became available in 0.7.31 that breaks down
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| # The path information based on the provided regex expression
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| # This is handy for requests such as file.php/some/paths/here/
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|
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| fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
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| fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
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|
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| fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
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| fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
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| fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
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| fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
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|
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| fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
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| fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
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| fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
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| fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
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| fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
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| fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
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|
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| fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
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| fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
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|
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| fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
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| fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
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| fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
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| fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
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| fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
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|
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| fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # this value depends on your configuration, can be unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; for example
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| fastcgi_index index.php;
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| }
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| </code>
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| sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
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| <code bash>
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| server {
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| root /home/nginx/localhost/public;
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| index index.html index.htm index.php;
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| server_name yourdomainname.com;
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| location / {
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| # First attempt to serve request as file, then
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| # as directory, then fall back to index.html
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| try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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| }
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| include /etc/nginx/server.conf.d/php.conf;
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| }
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| </code>
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| == Postgres 9.0.3 ==
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| <code bash>
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| sudo apt-get install autoconf2.13 libssl-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg62-dev libpng12-dev libmysql++-dev libfreetype6-dev libt1-dev libc-client-dev libevent-dev libxml2-dev libtool libmcrypt-dev
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| </code>
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| Note: also required to compiling PHP.
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| <code bash>
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| cd /usr/local/src
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| sudo apt-get install build-essential libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev
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| wget http://wwwmaster.postgresql.org/redir/333/h/source/v9.0.3/postgresql-9.0.3.tar.gz
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|
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| tar zxvf postgresql-9.0.3.tar.gz
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| cd postgresql-9.0.3
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| ./configure
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| make
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| sudo make install
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| sudo vim /etc/profile
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| <code bash>
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| Add to the end of /etc/profile:
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| export PATH="/usr/local/pgsql/bin:${PATH}"
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| </code>
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| <code bash>
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| source /etc/profile
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| sudo adduser postgres
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| sudo mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
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| sudo chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
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| sudo su postgres
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| /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb-E UTF8 -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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| /usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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| exit
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| psql -U postgres
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| \password
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| createdb -E UTF8 -O postgres -T template0 -U postgres moodle
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| \q
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| </code>
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| == PHP 5.3.3 ==
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| Note: if you use postgres do not take PHP 5.3.5, pg_set_client_encoding() will crash with a http 500 error.
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| <code bash>
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| sudo apt-get install libltdl-dev
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| cd /usr/local/src
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| sudo wget -O php-5.3.3.tar.gz http://us.php.net/get/php-5.3.3.tar.gz/from/us.php.net/mirror/
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| tar zxvf php-5.3.3.tar.gz
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| cd php-5.3.3
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| ./configure --enable-fpm --with-gd --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-libxml-dir=/usr/lib --with-curl --enable-zip --enable-sockets --with-zlib --enable-exif --enable-ftp --with-iconv --with-gettext --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-t1lib=/usr --with-freetype-dir=/usr --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-fpm-user=www-data --with-fpm-group=www-data --with-pgsql=/usr/local/pgsql --enable-tokenizer --with-xmlrpc --enable-soap --enable-ctype
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| </code>
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| Note: this is to support postgres. TODO: intl extension is not enabled.
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| <code bash>
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| sudo make
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| sudo make install
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| sudo cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
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| sudo chmod 644 /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
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| sudo cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
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| sudo cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
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| sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
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| sudo update-rc.d -f php-fpm defaults
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| sudo touch /var/run/php-fpm.pid
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| sudo vim /etc/init.d/php-fpm
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| </code>
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| Change location of pid (remove ${prefix}) to:
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| <code bash>
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| php_fpm_PID=/var/run/php-fpm.pid
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| </code>
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| <code bash>
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| sudo vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
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| </code>
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| Changes these values
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| <code bash>
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| --------------------------------
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| pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid
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| error_log = /var/log/php-fpm.log
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| --------------------------------
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| </code>
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| Uncomment the lines for:
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| <code bash>
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| -------------------------
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| pm.start_servers = 20
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| pm.min_spare_servers = 5
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| pm.max_spare_servers = 35
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| </code>
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| <code bash>
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| sudo service php-fpm start
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| sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
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| vim /home/nginx/localhost/public/index.php
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| </code>
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| Enter in:
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| <code bash>
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| <?php
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| phpinfo();
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| ?>
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| </code>
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| Check if the site is available.
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| == APC ==
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| With APC, Moodle will be a lot faster.
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| <code bash>
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| sudo /usr/local/php/bin/pecl config-set php_ini /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
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| sudo /usr/local/php/bin/pecl install apc
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| sudo vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
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| </code>
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| Add (if not already existing): extension=apc.so
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| == Moodle ==
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| [https://docs.moodle.org/en/Installing_Moodle Install Moodle] into /home/nginx/localhost/public/. Note that it is recommended to install Git and to get the Moodle files with Git.
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| In the Moodle administration, disable 'slash arguments' (http://YOURMOODLESITE/admin/search.php?query=slashargument). Without disabling the 'slash arguments', you may notice that the admin setup page is missing the images and css styling. However, if you turn off slash arguments, then other things won't work, so really someone ought to work out what is wrong here and fix it.
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| If you cannot access the Admin interface, you can edit the database using a tool like [http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/index.php phpMyAdmin].
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| 1. Go to the table labeled 'mdl_config'
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| 2. Browse to line 281 (line 309 in 2.5), and change the value of 'slasharguments' from 1 to 0
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| 3. Use Control-F5 to fully refresh the setup page.
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| '''Workaround if the above steps don't work:'''
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| 1. Empty the database and try the [https://docs.moodle.org/en/Administration_via_command_line#Installation_via_command_line command line installation].
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| <code bash>
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| cd /var/www/YOURMOODLESITE/public/moodle
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| php /admin/cli/install.php
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| </code>
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| Enabling PHP errors in php.ini will help you diagnose any errors that may arise.
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| Use if you ran the cli install.php as root: chown www-data:www-data config.php
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| 2. Go to your Moodle site and log in. It will ask you to fill in your email address, City and Country. Save the changes.
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| 3. Go to http://YOURMOODLESITE/admin/search.php?query=slashargument and uncheck "Use slash arguments"
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| Note: some version of Internet Explorer will display the page CSS with slash arguments on, while Firefox, Chrome and IE10 will not.
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| == More to do ==
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| * Follow the [https://docs.moodle.org/en/Security Moodle security page guidelines]
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| * Secure SSH (see this [http://articles.slicehost.com/2009/3/31/debian-lenny-setup-page-1 slicehost debian setup page])
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| * Enable SSL (you can use [http://blurringexistence.net/archives/5-nginx-and-StartSSL.html to install a free SSL certificate with startSSL])
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| * Setup firewall ([http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=159661 ubuntu documentation])
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| * Install SMTP server ([https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Postfix Ubuntu documentation with working main.cf], [http://library.linode.com/email/postfix/dovecot-system-users-ubuntu-10.04-lucid Linode documentation], [http://helpdesk.bluehost.com/index.php/kb/article/000294 documentation about MX-record])
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| There are still a lot more to do (setting up your domain name, establishing a maintenance plan, performance tweaking, security testing...). Be patient and have fun.
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| == Related document ==
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| * Nginx/PHP-fpm [http://bestsiteinthemultiverse.com/2011/01/installing-nginx-with-php-fpm-on-ubuntu-10-04/ blog post]
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| * Compiling Postgres 9 [http://www.johnwulff.com/2010/05/04/how-to-compile-and-install-postgresql-9-beta-on-ubuntu blog post]
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