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{{Moodle 2.0}}<p class="note">'''Note''': This page outlines ideas for the Competencies feature planned for Moodle 2.0. It's a ''specification under construction''! If you have any comments or suggestions, please add them to the [[Development talk:Progress tracking|page comments]].''</p>


* '''PROJECT STATE: Proposal'''
{{obsolete}}
* '''MAIN TRACKER ISSUE''':  
<div class="alert alert-info">
* '''DISCUSSION''': Not yet announced on Moodle.org
Competencies has been added as a feature for the 3.1 release. This specification is very old - a more up-to-date specification can be found here: https://docs.moodle.org/dev/index.php?title=Competency_Based_Education
* '''COMMENTS''': [[Development_talk:Competencies]]
* '''AUTHOR''': [[User:Jonathan Newman|Jonathan Newman]] with help from [[Matt Clarkson|Matt Clarkson]] and others


=Overview=
For the API see: https://docs.moodle.org/dev/index.php?title=Competency_API
To model the range of different types of competency frameworks used by organisations, competencies in Moodle 2.0 needs to go further than the 1.9 outcomes architecture allows.


==Goals==
Thankyou to the people who contributed to this earlier specification. This page has now been removed to prevent confusion with the newer specification/feature. You can view older versions of this page in the history.
# Measured amount of abstraction for competencies
</div>
#* Allow "admins" to specify how competencies are organised (hierarchy, tags, or hybrid)
#* Allow "admins" to specify parent-child and relations between competencies
#* Allow "admins" to allow unlimited hierarchical levels
#* Allow "admins" to describe a competency depth level with custom fields (meta data) and categories for competencies at a given depth level
# Easy navigation
#* Allow "admins" to view the competency structure (expanding/collapsing competencies, sorting/searching/filtering by competency meta data)
#* Allow "admins" to easily add new competencies and meta-data
# Visibility within courses
#* Allow "course creators" to add competencies to a course (much the same way outcomes can be added to a course in 1.9)
# Portability
#* Allow "admins" to export competencies using plugins for established standards
#* Allow "admins" to import competencies from another Moodle instance
#* Allow "admins" to setup a sync of competencies with external systems
# Assigning evidence
#* Allow "admins" to assign to a competency:
#** One or more course outcomes from one or more courses
#** One or more course completions (e.g., when completing course A, course B, and course C)
#** One or more activity completions (e.g., when completing activity x in course A and activity y in course B, and activity z in course C)
#** An aggregate result threshold for a question category (i.e., an evaluation or assessment using mod/quiz, mod/scorm, etc)
#** Electronic evidence (e.g., a file containing a diploma, certificate, report)
#** Observation (e.g., a comment / testimony / reference)
# Specifying minimum/expected proficiency levels
#* Allow "admins" to assign to a competency:
#** A proficiency level (i.e., competency scale value)
#** Course completion criteria for a course
#** Activity completion criteria for an activity
#** A specified minimum aggregated value
#** Aggregate result threshold for a question category
# Aggregating measured proficiency level for each proficiency
#* Allow "admins" to specify aggregation methods for each competency:
#** All sub-competencies or evidence
#** Any sub-competencies or evidence
#** A specific number of sub-competencies or evidence
#** A percentage of sub-competences or evidence
#** Sum of weighted sub-competencies or evidence
#** Average of weighted sub-competencies or evidence
#* Reporting
#** Allow "admins" to view competency status for all students across all courses.
#** Allow "students" to view their own competency status (within a course, or via their profile or My Moodle).
#** Allow "teachers" to view student competency status within his/her courses.
# Specifying weights
#* Allow "admins" to assign weight to each competency and competency evidence
# Scalability
#* Store and retrieve data in ways that scale to very large numbers of courses, users, competencies, evidence, etc
# Extensibility
#* Use a plugin architecture for evidence types
 
==General requirements==
# We'll need to access and use the existing site-wide Outcomes [https://docs.moodle.org/en/Development:Grades#grade_outcomes Outcomes tables]
# We'll need to use the tables that indicate completion status for courses (these are not yet in place) [https://docs.moodle.org/en/Development:Course_completion Course Completion]
# We need to get aggregate information about the course outcomes and aggregate grades for each user from the gradebook API
 
==Definitions==
'''Scale''': A way to measure a competency. Examples:
"Below average, Average, Above average"
"Not competent, Competent"
 
'''Competency term''': A competency category or tag used for organising one or more competencies in a hierarchy (i.e., category-based), folksonomy (tag-based), or a hybrid of both. Examples:
top-level term: "Competency Area" (e.g., "Reading Comprehension")
    -> child term: "Competency" ("Responding to Text")
                -> child term: "Sub-competency" ("Initial Understanding of Literary Text")
                              -> child term: "Descriptor" ("Demonstrate initial understanding of elements of literary texts (including text read aloud, reading independently")
 
'''Competency''': A measurable knowledge, skill, ability, attitude or other learning-related characteristic which a student may have. A competency may be associated with one or more competency terms. Examples that could be attached to the example "Descriptor" term above:
"Identifying characters in a story"
"Retelling the beginning, middle, and end of a story"
"Responding to simple questions about a book's content"
 
'''Competency evidence type''': A form of evidence that can be accepted as evidence that a competency has been achieved. Examples:
Observation
Activity grade
Activity completion
Activity outcome
Course completion
Course grade
Course outcome
Question results
File (diploma)
 
'''Competency evidence''': A competency can be measured by one or more competency evidence types. Evidence can be stated to include the evidence type, evidence date, and measured value. Examples:
"Observation - Teacher - Above average - 4:00pm May 28, 2009"
"Observation - Spanish Language Proficiency Interview - 4:00pm May 28, 2009 - Rating 4 out of 5"
"Quiz - 4:00pm May 28, 2009 - Grade 90% out of 100%"
"Certificate - Public Speaking Institute - 4:00pm May 28, 2009 - Passed.
"File - College Diploma - 4:00pm May 28, 2009 - Bachelor of Science Computer Science"
 
'''Expected proficiency level''': The required rating (based on a scale) or grade for a competency. Examples:
"Average"
"5"
"50%"
"Passed"
 
'''Measured proficiency level''': A user's observed, scored, reported proficiency level for a competency.
"Above average"
"8"
"80%"
"Passed"
 
'''Competency weighting''': Child competencies can be assigned weights which can be aggregated. Examples:
"Communication"
    -> child "Written Communication - weight: 60/100"
    -> child "Oral Communication - weight: 40/100"
 
=User interface=
'''Individual learning plan'''
# Each user can have a set of either courses to be completed, competencies to be achieved, or a mixture of both. These comprise a user's individual learning plan (IDP).
# Each user's IDP will show:
## Completed courses
## Progress toward courses which are not yet complete. This would be similar to view of the course progress completion report for the user across the incomplete courses.
## Competencies achieved. This will include the competency terms and meta data made visible to the user, as well as the evidence info (type, date, ratings and grades).
## Competencies not yet achieved. This will also include the competency terms, meta data made available to the user, as well as the expected proficiency levels for each competency.
# Each user can see a list of all his/her courses and competencies as a "transcript" or "record of learning."
 
=Data structures=
 
===competency===
 
A competency can be part of a hierarchy and can have evidence attached to it.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''shortname'''
|varchar(100)
|
|The shortname for the competency
 
|-
|'''fullname'''
|varchar(255)
|
|The full name for the competency
 
|-
|'''description'''
|text
|
|The description of the competency
 
|-
|'''idnumber'''
|int(10)
|
|The id, code number or local identifier for the competency used for reporting
 
|-
|'''parentid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id of the parent competency
 
|-
|'''sortorder'''
|int(10)
|
|The order number of this competency (useful for ordering competencies for viewing/navigation/reporting)
 
|-
|'''depth'''
|int(10)
|
|The depth of the competency (beginning at 1)
 
|-
|'''path'''
|varchar(255)
|
|The path to the competency
 
|-
|'''aggregation'''
|int(10)
|
|A constant representation one of the competency aggregation methods (any, all, unit, fraction)
 
|-
|'''scaleid'''
|int(10)
|
|The scale used to measure the competency
 
|-
|'''proficiencyexpected'''
|int(10)
|
|The expected proficiency for the competency
 
|-
|'''timecreated'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when the competency was created
 
|-
|'''timemodified'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when the competency was modified
 
|-
|'''usermodified'''
|int(10)
|
|The userid of the person who last modified the competency
|}
 
===competency_relations===
 
For tracking relations between competencies.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''competencyid1'''
|int(10)
|
|The id of a comptency
 
|-
|'''competencyid2'''
|int(10)
|
|The id of a related competency
|}
 
===competency_depth_info_field===
 
Data for a competency depth level field.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''shortname'''
|varchar(255)
|
|Shortname for the field
 
|-
|'''fullname'''
|text
|
|Full name for the field
 
|-
|'''datatype'''
|varchar(255)
|
|The type of field data
 
|-
|'''description'''
|text
|
|Description of the field
 
|-
|'''categoryid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id for the field category
 
|-
|'''sortorder'''
|int(10)
|
|The sort order for the field within its category
 
|-
|'''hidden'''
|int(1)
|
|The field should be hidden
 
|-
|'''required'''
|int(1)
|
|The field required
 
|-
|'''defaultdata'''
|text
|
|Default text for the selected parameter
 
|-
|'''param1'''
|text
|
|Parameter text
 
|-
|'''param2'''
|text
|
|Parameter text
 
|-
|'''param3'''
|text
|
|Parameter text
 
|-
|'''param4'''
|text
|
|Parameter text
 
|-
|'''param5'''
|text
|
|Parameter text
|}
 
===competency_depth_info_category===
 
A competency's depth level can have categories for its fields.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''name'''
|varchar(255)
|
|Shortname for the depth level category
 
|-
|'''sortorder'''
|int(10)
|
|The order number for this category
 
|}
 
===competency_depth_info_data===
 
Data for a depth level field.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''fieldid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id for the field
 
|-
|'''competencyid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id for the competency
 
|-
|'''data'''
|text
|
|The actual data for the competency field
|}
 
===competency_evidence_items===
 
A competency can be achieved by one or more forms of evidence.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|Auto incrementing
 
|-
|'''competencyid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id for the competency that this evidence describes
 
|-
|'''itemtype'''
|varchar(30)
|
|The type of evidence 'observation', 'course/outcome', 'mod/outcome', 'course/completion', 'mod/completion', 'course/grade', 'mod/grade', 'question/category', 'file'
 
|-
|'''itemmodule'''
|varchar(30)
|
|The type of evidence 'observation', 'quiz', 'scorm', 'question'
|-
|'''iteminstance'''
|int(10)
|
|The id for the evidence instance (ie, grade_outcome id, course id, course_modules id, grade_item id, quiz_question_instance id, files id)
 
|-
|'''required'''
|int(1)
|
|The evidence is required
 
|-
|'''certification'''
|int(1)
|
|The evidence is for certification
 
|-
|'''expirationdays'''
|int(10)
|
|The evidence expires after this number of days
 
|-
|'''timecreated'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when this competency evidence was allowed
 
|-
|'''timemodified'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when this competency evidence was last changed
 
|-
|'''usermodified'''
|int(10)
|
|The user who last modified this evidence
|}
 
===competency_evidence===
 
Track historical and current competency information for each user.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Field'''
|'''Type'''
|'''Default'''
|'''Info'''
 
|-
|'''id'''
|int(10)
|
|auto-incrementing
 
|-
|'''userid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id of the user
 
|-
|'''competencyid'''
|int(10)
|
|The id of the competency
 
|-
|'''proficiencyexpected'''
|int(10)
|
|The measured/evaluated proficiency level for the competency
 
|-
|'''proficiencymeasured'''
|int(10)
|
|The measured/evaluated proficiency level for the user
 
|-
|'''timecreated'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when this competency evidence was started
 
|-
|'''timemodified'''
|int(10)
|
|The time when this competency evidence was last changed
|}
 
=Plugin architecture=
'''Competency evidence type plugins'''
 
Each type of evidence will need its own methods for interacting with the competency architecture and will need to interact via a base competency evidence API. Below are the item types.
 
* Observation
* Course completion
* Course grade
* Course outcome
* Activity completion
* Activity grade
* Activity outcome
* File
 
'''Report plugins'''
 
Similar to the gradebook, we need to allow development of report plugins for competencies.
 
'''Import/Export plugins'''
 
We need to be able to import and export data related to competencies.
 
'''Competency framework import/export'''
A competency framework should be able to be exported using an appropriate format in either xml and csv file format. There are some standards on exchanging competencies including:
* IEEE P1484.20.1 Standard on Reusable Competency Definitions and the IEEE Draft Standard on Simple Reusable Competency Map
* ISO/IEC PDTR 24763 Conceptual Reference Model for Competencies and Related Objects
 
'''Competency evidence import/export'''
 
There are a variety of standards for exchanging competencies evidence including:
* IMS Reusable Definition of Competency or Educational Objectives Spec (RDCEO)
* IMS Learner Information Package Spec (LIP)
* HR-XML Competencies (Measurable Characteristics) Recommendation, 2007 April 15
 
IMS RDCEO and LIP recommend formats as shown in the examples below (more [http://www.imsglobal.org/competencies/index.html IMS RDCEO here] and [http://www.imsglobal.org/profiles/index.html IMS LIP home]). Special thanks to Sarveswaran Kengatharaiyer (GSOC 2008 student for the Moodle Progress Tracker project) who developed these examples.
 
rdceo.identifier = rdceo434323
rdceo.title = Identify verbs in simple sentences
rdceo.description = “Identify verbs in simple sentences”
rdceo.definition.statement.
    statementid = 123
    statementname = Always
    statementtext = Scale
    statementtoken = scl55435
rdceo.definition.statement.
    statementid = 124
    statementname = Never
    statementtext = Scale
    statementtoken = scl55436
rdceo.definition.statement.
    statementid = 125
    statementname = Sometimes
    statementtext = Scale
    statementtoken = scl55437
lip.contenttype.referencial.sourceid.id = jenney_profile
lip.identification.cotenttype.referential.indexid = id123
lip.identification.name.partname.typename=Jenny
lip.competency
    cotenttype.referential.indexid = j123
    exrefrecord = rdceo434323
    description = Always
 
HR-XML recommends a format like shown below in an example which uses recursive competencies (more [http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/Competencies.html#_Toc127531664 here]).
<Competency name="Communication Skills">
      <Competency name="Written Communication Skills">
            <CompetencyEvidence name="WRITTENTEST1-A" dateOfIncident="1995-01-01" lastUsed="2000-01-01">
                    <NumericValue minValue="3" maxValue="5" description="SEP-equivalent Skill-Level Range">5</NumericValue>
            </CompetencyEvidence>
            <CompetencyWeight>
                    <NumericValue minValue="0" maxValue="100">35</NumericValue>
            </CompetencyWeight>
      </Competency>
      <Competency name="Oral Communication Skills">
            <CompetencyEvidence name="ManagerObservation" dateOfIncident="1996-01-01" lastUsed="2000-01-01">
                    <NumericValue minValue="1" maxValue="5" description="Company XYZ Skill Range">5</NumericValue>
            </CompetencyEvidence>
            <CompetencyWeight>
                    <NumericValue minValue="0" maxValue="100">65</NumericValue>
            </CompetencyWeight>
      </Competency>
</Competency>
 
=Upgrade from 1.9=
The outcomes and scales architecture introduced in Moodle 1.9 provide a basic foundation for competency management. One or more scales can be defined on a site-level, and custom scales can be defined at the course level. Outcomes can be defined at a site-level as standard outcomes, and standard outcomes can be added into courses. Custom outcomes can also be created within courses. Each outcome is linked to an activity via the settings page or via the controls for an existing outcome on the grader report page.
 
 
'''grade_outcomes - site-wide outcomes'''
 
Site wide outcomes will need to be imported into the competency_terms table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''id'''
|null
|competency_terms
|'''id'''
|null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''courseid'''
|null
|competency_terms
|'''courseid'''
|null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''shortname'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''shortname'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''fullname'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''fullname'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''description'''
|null or not null
|competency_terms
|'''description'''
|null or not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''timecreated'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''timecreated'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''timemodified'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''timemodified'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''usermodified'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''usermodified'''
|not null
 
|}
 
 
'''grade_outcomes - custom course outcomes'''
 
Custom course outcomes will also need to be imported into the competency_terms table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''id'''
|null
|competency_terms
|'''id'''
|null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''courseid'''
|not null (e.g., 2, 3)
|competency_terms
|'''courseid'''
|null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''shortname'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''shortname'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''fullname'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''fullname'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''description'''
|null or not null
|competency_terms
|'''scaleid'''
|null or not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''timecreated'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''timecreated'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''timemodified'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''timemodified'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''usermodified'''
|not null
|competency_terms
|'''usermodified'''
|not null
 
|}
 
 
'''grade_outcomes_courses'''
 
Grade outcomes in a course become an evidence item (itemtype='course') for a competency and get moved to the competency_evidence_items table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_outcomes_courses
|'''id'''
|not null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''id'''? not crucial
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes_courses
|'''courseid'''
|not null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''instanceid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes_courses
|'''outcomeid'''
|not null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''competencyid'''
|not null
|}
 
 
'''grade_items - course outcomes'''
 
Course outcomes need to be entered as a competency evidence items (type="course") for a competency and get moved to the competency_evidence_items table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''id'''
|not null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''id'''? not crucial
|not null
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''itemname'''
|not null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''name'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''itemtype'''
|course
|competency_evidence_items
|'''itemtype'''
|course
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''itemmodule'''
|null
|competency_evidence_items
|'''itemmodule'''
|null
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''iteminstance'''
|not null (1,2)
|competency_evidence_items
|'''iteminstance'''
|not null (1,2)
|}
 
 
'''grade_items - activity outcomes'''
 
Grade outcomes in a course become a course 'type' allowed evidence for a competency and get moved to the competency_evidence_allowed table. We also need to use the value "course" for the evidence 'type' field.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_items
|'''id'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''id'''? not crucial
|not null
|}
 
 
'''grade_grades'''
 
In 1.9, course outcomes appear in the grade_items when they are linked to an activity. Only activity outcomes appear as graded in grade_grades. The activity outcomes need to appear as an entries in competency_evidence_items table and the grade in the competency_items table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''id'''
|not null
|competency_items
|'''id'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''itemid'''
|not null
|competency_items
|'''itemid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''userid'''
|not null
|competency_items
|'''userid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
|competency_items
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''finalgrade'''
|not null
|competency_items
|'''scalevalueid'''
|not null
|}
 
 
We also need to add an entry for the user in the competency_evidence table.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
!From Table
!From Field
!From Value
!To Table
!To Field
!To Value
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''id'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''id'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''itemid'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''itemid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''userid'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''userid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_outcomes
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''scaleid'''
|not null
 
|-
|grade_grades
|'''finalgrade'''
|not null
|competency_evidence
|'''scalevalueid'''
|not null
|}
 
=Logging=
All competency related changes should be logged in history tables.
 
=Role capabilities and permissions=
 
{| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|'''Description'''
|'''Capability'''
 
|-
|View competency competencies
|moodle/competency:viewcompetencies
 
|-
|View hidden competencies
|moodle/competency:viewhiddencompetencies
 
|-
|Manage competencies
|moodle/competency:managecompetencies
|}
 
=Ideas for the future=
# Due dates for course completions and outcome completions can be assigned in an individual user's learning plan.
# A comment can be added to a user's learning plan item when a course or outcome is manually added or removed from it.
# Allowing competencies to be attached to an individual user (either by user profile field or by drag and drop).


[[Category:Project]]
[[Category:Project]]

Latest revision as of 08:11, 3 May 2016


Warning: This page is no longer in use. The information contained on the page should NOT be seen as relevant or reliable.

Competencies has been added as a feature for the 3.1 release. This specification is very old - a more up-to-date specification can be found here: https://docs.moodle.org/dev/index.php?title=Competency_Based_Education

For the API see: https://docs.moodle.org/dev/index.php?title=Competency_API

Thankyou to the people who contributed to this earlier specification. This page has now been removed to prevent confusion with the newer specification/feature. You can view older versions of this page in the history.