Orri hau eguneratu behar litzateke. Horretarako komeniko litzateke orriaren edukia arretaz aztertzea eta beste hizkuntzetako bertsioekin alderatzea.(Ikusi eguneratu beharreko orri gehiago )

Foroetako jarduerak asko lagun dezake komunikazioan eta komunitatea eraikitzen on line inguruneetan. Hezkuntza arloko berrikuntza askotarako erabil dezakezu foroa, baina irakasteko foroak eta ikasleen foroak dira bi aldagai nagusiak.

Irakatsi eta Ikasteko foroen nondik-norakoak

E-learning ingurunean eztabaidarako foroa jarduera gisa erabiltzea erabakitzen duzunean oso garrantzizkoa da gogoan izatea denbora beharko duzula jarduera hori arrakastaz burutzeko. Zure asmoa eztabaida piztea bada, honelako baldintzetan bakarrik izango du arrakasta foroak:

a.) partaideek bertan parte hartzeko behar/arrazoiren bat sentitzea eta esperientzia horretatik zerbait lortuko dutela pentsatzea. Ikasketa-pizgarriak, laguntzarako bitartekoak, e.a. aztertu eta suspertu behar dira hasieratik besteei foroaren helburua argi azaltzeko. Norbaitek erabakitzen badu kalifikazioak eta partaidetza-markak eskaintzea aldez aurretik oso ondo aztertu beharko luke foroetako eztabaiden kalitatea eta kantiatearen arteko ezberdintasuna.

b.) Komunitate eta helburua susper daiteke partaideen artean. Komunitatea-izaera hau irakasle/tutorearen ekimen eta laguntzaren bidez susper daiteke, edo, batez ere, ikasle/partaideen bitartez jardueraren helburuen arabera.

Aukeratu foro-mota

Moodle-k lau foro-mota du et bakoitzak du gehiegi aldatzen ez den bere diseinu eta helburua.

Zein da jarduera jakin baterako zure beharretara ondoen egokitzen den foroa? Galdera honi erantzuteko komenigarria da pentsatzea eztabaida hori nola garatuko litzatekeen aurrez aurrekoan. Galdera klasekoei bota eta haien erantzunak behatzen jarri nahi al duzu? Edo nahiago duzu taldea talde txikitan banatu eta binakako eztabaidak sortu berriz ere talde handira ekarri aurretik? Edo, agian, nahiago izango duzu galderaren alderdi jakin batean fokalizatu lana eta ez utzi gaitik gehiegi aldetzen. Aukera hauek guztiak dira onargarri eta erabilgarriak, zure ikaskuntza-helburuen arabera, eta guztiak garatu ahal dituzu Moodle-ren foroen bitartez.

Erabilera orokorrerako foro arrunta

Foro arrunta (ikusi hemen) da erabiliena kontrolatu nahi dituzun edota ikasleek parte hartzen duten foro sozialetako eztabaida luzeetarako. Horrek ez du esan mezu berri bat bidali behar duzunik gai bakoitzeko erantzun bakoitzerako baina eztabaida "kontrolpean" izateko, prest izan behar duzu dexenteko denbora tartea hainbat eztabaidaren arteko komuneko puntuak aurkitu eta elkartzeko. Eztabaidan zehar izan dezakezun beste ardura bat gai jakin bateko alderdi orokorrak nabarmentzea da. Bestela, ikasleei eska diezaiekezu eztabaida-gaiak adostutako puntuetara laburtzea, astean behin edota gaia ondorio jakinetara iritsi denean. On-line komunitatea osatu denean izan daiteke erabilgarri ikaslearengan oinarritutako ikuspegi hau eta, agian, laburpen-prozesua antolatuta eta erabakita duzunean.

Eztabaida arrunt bakarra

Oinarrizko foroa (ikusi hemen) denbora-tarte laburrera mugatutako gai edota eztabaidarako. Emankorragoa da foro-mota hau ikasleak gai jakin batean zentratuta izan nahi badituzu.

Pertsona bakoitzak eztabaida bat bidaltzen du

Foro hau (ikusi hemen) erabilgarriago da eztabaida luze baten eta eztabaida labur eta zuzen baten arteko zerbait bultzatu nahi baduzu. Pertsona bakoitzak gai bati buruzko eztabaida bat bidaltzeak askatasun gehixeago ematen dio ikasleari baina ez bakoitzak nahi beste gai plantea ditzakeen foro batek beste. Era honetako foro arrakastatsuak oso aktiboak izan daitezke, eta zuzenak, ikasleak ez baitaude besteei eman beharreko erantzun kopurura mugatuta.

Galdera eta Erantzuna foroa (G eta E foroa)

The Q & A forum (view here) best used when you have a particular question that you wish to have answered. In a Q and A forum, tutors post the question and students respond with possible answers. By default a Q and A forum requires students to post once before viewing other students' postings. After the initial posting, students can view and respond to others' postings. This feature allows equal initial posting opportunity among all students, thus encouraging original and independent thinking.

Galdera eta Erantzun motarako aholkuak

When the Question and Answer mode is selected, Moodle hides the replies to the to initial thread post by the teacher but not the entire forum itself.

Tip:Post each question as a thread in the forum and then have students post replies to the question. In this fashion, Moodle will protect the replies from being viewable by other students but allow the initial post/thread visible for reply by all students.
Tip:Do not post the question in the forum summary because every student answer will become a thread and visible to all students. In this scenario, it may appear as if the Question and Answer forum is not working correctly, since the new initial posts in the thread are intentionally designed not to be hidden, just their replies.
Tip:If you have set up groups for your forum the facilitator needs to post a question to each of the groups and not to 'all participants'as questions asked of all participants (students) are able to be read by ALL students. Questions posed to group members are only visible to those group members and replies are only visible once a group member has posted a message.

Foroetan erabiltzeko kontzeptuak

Parte-hartzea eta Euskarriak

Whilst one of the great advantages of e-learning is the flexibility it affords participants, this does not mean that days or weeks should pass without response and discussion in a forum (unless it is appropriate for it to do so). This is perhaps most especially true at the beginning of a course or programme when students and tutors are new to each other and in need of welcome messages/encouragement. Whilst e-learning, and discussions in particular, can support learning that is not always tutor/teacher-centred, your role will be important, especially as an online community begins to develop. It is during these initial stages of introductory material that a group of students can become a community of participants who begin to grow in their understandings of course material and individual contributions to the knowledge construction process.

As the discussions progress and learners become accustomed to the mechanics and the tone of the forums then there are key ways in which your input can be reduced, thereby helping to foster a community that is less dependent on the tutor/teacher. Even then, however, you will probably want to be a presence in the discussions although you may choose to be one of many contributors rather than the font of all wisdom.

Konpromisoa eta Parte-hartzea

Galdetu zeure buruari

  1. you wish to have involvement in the forum or if you want the students to lead and own the space
  2. you want the forum to add value to the face to face environment or have a life of its own in its own right outside the lecture theatre/classroom or seminar room
  3. you are prepared to make appropriate contributions to the discussion in order to:
    1. encourage discussion if students are quiet
    2. help shape ideas if students begin to wander off-task
    3. your role will be defined as discussions/a course progresses
    4. you will explicitly but gradually relinquish control of the discussions
    5. you will encourage and support learners to share control of discussions(for example you might ask a learner/group of learners to summarise contributions to a discussion thread/topic or you might ask learners to initiate discussion topics)

Ikaslearengan oinarritutako foroak

With the growing popularity of social networking software like Facebook, Bebo, MySpace and the like, students are leaving schools and coming to Higher and Further Education with a new technological sophistication and with new expectations for communication. And as school, colleges and universities recognise that reflective and life long learning are significant goals in education, student centered learning and the creation of student centered spaces online are also gaining credence in educational settings. We know that effective learning requires access to social and academic networks for both study material and emotional support; as such, online communities can offer a holistic knowledge construction and support mechanism and recognize that affective activity is effective.

Social forums, often called ‘Virtual Cafes’ or ‘Common Rooms’ can be set up for courses or for programmes, depending on the student need. Such spaces provide a common area for students to come together and discuss unlimited topics, including social activities and educational ideas. They are supportive spaces for students, most successful with large first and second year courses where students would not otherwise have the opportunity to communicate with others outside their own tutorial group. It is arguable that students will experience a greater sense of community within and a sense of belonging to an educational institution or individual department having had the experience and convenience of the social forum on their course; this could arguably have implications for retention.

These spaces are typically highly active, especially in first term. Depending on your institution, they are usually self monitored by students, who understand that the same ‘rules’ and ‘netiquette’ that apply to them within any computing space, also apply in Moodle.

Berrien foroa

Moodle courses automatically generate a News forum which defaults to automatically subscribe all participants in a course. The name of the News Forum can be changed to something more appropriate, such as ‘Important Announcements’ or the like. This is a useful feature and many use this forum in a Moodle course to announce exam dates, times or changes to exams, lectures or seminars, as well as important information about course work throughout a term or special announcements relating to events.

Irakale/Tutorearen foroak

Prior to Moodle 1.7, each course had a teacher forum, accessible via a link in the course administration block.

A teacher/tutor-only forum may be added to a course by creating a hidden forum. Teachers are able to view hidden course activities whereas students cannot.


Foroen inguruan kontuan hartu beharreko hainbat iradokizun

  1. If your course is at a distance, if your face to face time is limited, or if you just wish to foster a sense of community in your Moodle course which supplements your face to face course, it is good practice to begin with a welcome or introductory message or thread in one of your forums. This welcome or introduction from you invites participants, for example, to post some specific details to introduce themselves to you and their peers. This can be your icebreaker or you can have an icebreaker separately.
  2. If you have two questions for participants to answer, starting the two strands or topics within the forum itself will both help learners to see where to put their responses, and remind them to answer all parts of your question.
  3. Remember that you are communicating in an environment that does not have the benefit of verbal tone, eye contact, body language and the like. Careful consideration of your communication is, therefore, necessary.
  4. Postings to a forum are always written but they can take different forms and you may wish to consider what form best suits the activity. For instance, you might choose to articulate a form of contribution in order to be explicit. Thus you might say, 'This is a think-aloud forum in which, together, we will try to tease out ideas and possibilities' or 'This is a formal forum in which you are invited to share your ideas on (topic)' and, where you select the latter, you might have already suggested learners plan those ideas offline or in another kind of activity within Moodle.
  5. Create a forum where only the teacher can start discussions, but the students can only reply. Each thread you start contains an essay question (or several similar ones). The students make a bullet point plan for the essay and post it as a reply. This works well as a revision strategy as the students can see how others have approached the same task. Once everyone has posted their plan, you can start a discussion as to which plans seem better and why. Creating a scale to use for rating the posts can be useful so that the students can see how helpful other people think their effort were.

Foroak kalifikatu

The teacher can use the ratings scales to grade student activities in a forum. There are several methods for calculating the grade for a forum that can be found in the Forum settings under grades. There are 5 ways in Moodle 1.9 to aggregate ratings automatically to calculate a forum grade for the Gradebook. These include: Average, Max, Min, Count and Sum.

  • In older versions of Moodle, only the average aggregate function was available. Teachers often use the Assignment module as a work around in order to manually calculate and then manually give a grade for a specific or all forum activities. The Forum grade would appear in the gradebook as an assignment, called for example "Weather forum participation".

Praktika egokiak eta sareko eztabaidak

Ikusi halaber

Using Moodle forum discussions:

it:Modulo forum