MoodleDocs - User contributions [en]

Mathematics tools FAQ

2013-02-06T10:07:36Z

Rama1946: /* What kind of Maths tools can Moodle use or adapt? */

{{Main page}}This FAQ is a recent creation and is still building. If you have a relevant question and answer, please add it to the bottom.

==Does Moodle have any Math tools in it as native?==
It certainly does, and if you look at the [[Using TeX Notation]] pages, they will give you a good start on how you can, quickly and fairly easily, build a small body of knowledge that will allow you to move on to bigger and better things.

==What kind of Maths tools can Moodle use or adapt?==
There are two ways to use maths tools in Moodle.
1. Plugins that integrate new functionality into Moodle. The list of Plugins for Moodle include among others [[Dragmath]], MathJAX or [[WIRIS]].
2. Many external programs that can be used to generate content that is easily imported to Moodle. External programs include MathType which works with several Moodle Plugins.

==Will these tools be accessible in Moodle 2.0?==
Yes, there has already been a number of successful tests using DragMath, MathJax and Geogebra tools in Moodle 2.0. As well, the TeX Notation filter works the same in v1.9.x and v2.0. It appears that anything written in Moodle v1.9.x will adapt easily for Moodle 2.0.

==Does Moodle have an interactive whiteboard feature?==
Not as such, but it seems both the interactive and content is controlled by the whiteboard. You can use an interactive whiteboard to display Moodle, but unless you incorporate screen grabs from the Moodle into the whiteboard software, Moodle probably will not work as a genuine PHP App. Having said that, it is possible that at some stage in the future, a plugin for either, or even both, may be developed.

==I am using Windows Server 2003 and am trying to get the TeX filter to work.==
There are often three issues here, the first is the way in which Windows assigns permissions. You need to give write permissions to I_USER (or IIS_USER - all those people who use moodledata through internet) on moodledata folders and subfolders like D:\moodledata/filter/tex/ - and executable files need executable permissions.

It is also possible that what ever permissions you give to your files, Windows may permit running executable files on folders that are placed to system folders like c:\program files - I have seen this happen in Windows Vista and Windows 7 so it's probably true also in Windows Server 2003. If you install MikTex or TexLive for example to C:\Miktex (Texlive) or D:\Miktex (Texlive) and GhostScript and Imagemagick the same drive, such problems should not exist.

Sometimes you may need to delete old (Miktex) install folders from system (environment) variable PATH or add the correct folder to PATH if the install script has not done it automatically. Windows will not find the right files from the correct folder without the PATH being correct. (The TexLive installer scripts usually makes this automatic, but MikTeX needs be done manually.)

Finally, PHP settings may also prevent running of executable files - in the php.ini file look for the field "disable_functions", it should be empty and check the other programs security measures (in programs and scripts themselves) they should control running "non secure" commands like exec() or system(), not prevent them.

Thanks [http://moodle.org/user/view.php?id=9523&course=5 Mauno]

==We need to install Latex. Will all our current equations with the $$ tokens still work?==
The original TeX program written by Don Knuth used the $$ tokens to denote TeX. TeX has grown and evolved into a number of different versions, which have had further developments. Most TeX And LaTeX still support the $$ token, but it is usually undocumented. This is where a test Moodle comes in handy - installing a LaTeX into a test environment then checking the result will answer the question of which LaTeX will accept the $$ token. Be careful here, some newer versions of LaTeX use delimiters, not tokens, to denote TeX sequences.

==OK, what is the difference between a token and a delimiter?==
In TeX tokens are symbols used to denote a TeX command or control sequence. These can be $$ used in the native Tex Notation filter and supported by many versions of TeX and LaTeX, but they can also be \[ \] or any variation of any number of other symbols. A delimiter is what the LaTeX rendered in these pages uses. Moodle Docs went over to LiveTeX a little while ago, and now use the <nowiki><math> </math></nowiki> delimiter, much the same as html commands use, instead it has only one command, that of <nowiki><math> </math></nowiki>.

==See also==

*Using Moodle [http://moodle.org/mod/forum/view.php?f=130 Mathematics Tools forum]
*Using Moodle [http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=104483 Creating equations] forum discussion
*[[Using TeX Notation]]
*[http://www.dessci.com/en/support/mathtype/works_with.htm?target=moodle Mathtype works with Moodle]
*[[WIRIS]] Plugin

[[Category:Teacher]]
[[Category:Administrator]]
[[Category:Mathematics]]
[[Category:FAQ]]

DragMath equation editor

2013-01-16T01:23:07Z

Rama1946:

<p class="note">'''WARNING:''' As of Moodle 2.x DragMath is now in Moodle core (you need not install the code if you are running Moodle 2.x.) To use DragMath, you are "required" to activate the TeX filter on the server side because the core developers decided so (they were well advised that this would annoy countless users.....) However, there is a hack to sever the connection between DragMath and TeX included below for your convenience. You will also need to have a recent version of a Java Runtime Environment installed on the end-user's machine which is properly configured.</p>

You may also want to look in the Math Forum for the latest discussion of SEE (Super Equation Editor, an initial nickname for this effort though the product has far outgrown just an equation editor). SEE is a comprehensive set of Math Plugins Mauno Korpelainen has been developing which are discussed here [[Advanced Maths Tools]] (this is only an "alpha" version of docs for installation and use.) If these tools are to your liking, they will largely eliminate your need to wrestle with TeX (unless you wish so to do.) And, if you want a full distro of TeX, consider doing a local install of TexLive and cobbling your code to eliminate the need for the convert binary.

==Introduction==
To quote the W3C [http://www.w3.org/Math/Software/mathml_software_cat_editors.html]:
This is an open-source drag and drop equation editor written in Java.
Once an expression is created the user can convert it into a variety
of different linear syntax for mathematics, including MathML, LaTeX,
Maple, Maxima or any user defined style.
Created by Christoper Sangwin and Alexander Billingsley at the University of Birmingham as part of the [http://www.stack.bham.ac.uk STACK project], DragMath allows students to build mathematical expressions using a graphical drag-and-drop interface similar in appearance to that available in a number of office productivity suites.

John Isner initially created and maintained several files that allowed for integration of DragMath with HTMLArea, Moodle's editor in 2007. DragMath was then maintained by Marc Grober until it was integrated into core Moodle with the release of Moodle 2.0. An outgrowth of the development to integrate DragMath into tinyMCE has been the development of SEE by Mauno Korpelainen (a link to those plugins can be found below.)

To use DragMath, users must have the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.5 or higher installed on their desktop computers. Most systems come with the JRE as standard equipment, so you may not have to do anything. If you need to install the JRE manually, you can download it from [http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp here]. Note that the JRE is variously known as Java software for your computer, Java Runtime Environment, the Java Runtime, Runtime Environment, Runtime, Java Virtual Machine, Virtual Machine, Java VM, JVM, VM, or Java download.

You can see a demo of the DragMath editor [http://www.dragmath.bham.ac.uk/ here]. The DragMath interface is highly intuitive and anyone can be using it productively after a few minutes of trial-and-error. If you have questions about the editor, there is a short manual [http://www.dragmath.bham.ac.uk/doc/index.html here] which also discusses the various configuration options, some of which are mentioned briefly below.

==Using DragMath==
DragMath is based on the simple idea that the User who does not know a lot of TeX (pronounced Tech) can still create mathematical formula for publishing. In this case, Moodle is the dispaly agent so the TeX formulae are then rendered to a Moodle screen. This essentially means that with little experience, any Junior High Maths teacher can generate all the formulae they need for most aspects of Maths in Moodle.

===Creating simple expressions===

To begin, click on the DragMath insertion button. This opens The DragMath interface.

[[Image:dragmath02.png|thumb|200px|center|Opening Dragmath]]

The toolbar is different than you may expect, we are used to nice neat rows of buttons, but Dragmath has to use tabs. Each tab is tab is a collection of "templates", that is each symbol is a "template" and can be dragged and dropped onto the work space.

[[Image:dragmath01.png|thumb|200px|center|The DragMath Interface]]

To end editing and insert the script into the Moodle page, click the Insert button. This simple, but not simplistic, interface is a strength of DragMath. It make it easy for even novices to create complex formulae.

{| class="nicetable" align="center"
|-
| colspan="4"|'''A sequence for DragMath - click an image to enlarge'''
|-
|[[Image:dragmath04f.png|thumb|150px|Select the Tab with the symbols required]]
|[[Image:dragmath03.png|thumb|150px|Click, hold then drag'n'drop a symbol]]
|[[Image:dragmath04.png|thumb|150px|Enter the values, select an operation symbol]]
|[[Image:dragmath04a.png|thumb|150px|Select another symbol and drag'n'drop]]
|-
|[[Image:dragmath04b.png|thumb|150px|Add an equal (or other) sign]]
|[[Image:dragmath04c.png|thumb|150px|Add in a variable, (chi in this case) ]]
|[[Image:dragmath04d.png|thumb|150px|Click Insert]]
|[[Image:dragmath04e.png|thumb|150px|See the encoded result in the editing dialog.]]
|}

This same sequence of operations apply equally for all formulae, all insertions, no matter how complex they become.

You can insert a template from the toolbar by drag and drop or by a click on the template in the tab, then clicking in the workspace.

===Creating more complex expressions===

More complex expressions are pretty much more of the same as above. Creating a simple multiplication table matrix, for example, seems complex,but in DragNath, it is actually simple:

{| class="nicetable" align="center"
|-
| colspan="4"|'''A sequence for a simple Multiplication Matrice in DragMath - click an image to enlarge'''
|-
|[[Image:dragmath05.png|thumb|150px|Select the Tab and add in the multiplier]]
|[[Image:dragmath05a.png|thumb|150px|Click, hold then drag'n'drop the Matrix symbol]]
|[[Image:dragmath05b.png|thumb|150px|Enter the values, select a equal symbol]]
|[[Image:dragmath05c.png|thumb|150px|Add in the rows required]]
|-
|[[Image:dragmath05d.png|thumb|150px|Add in the columns required]]
|[[Image:dragmath05e.png|thumb|150px|Edit the Matrice ]]
|[[Image:dragmath05f.png|thumb|150px|Add the equal symbol]]
|[[Image:dragmath05g.png|thumb|150px|Add and edit in the second Matrice.]]
|}

===Locally saving and restoring a DragMath expression===
When you press the Insert button, DragMath inserts the export string into your text and the DragMath window closes. ''The exported string can no longer be manipulated using DragMath.'' If you decide to change the string, you have two options:
*delete the string (including the dollar signs or other token) and completely recreate it using DragMath
*edit the expression by hand
You can not tell DragMath to re-read the expression and show it again in two dimensions. This is a theoretical limitation, not a limitation of DragMath.

But suppose the expression is very complicated. It would be impractical to start over just to make a simple change. Before you Insert the expression, you can save a copy of the expression (a .drgm file) to your local disk using the Save button (see screenshot). Later, if you need to make a change, you open the saved .drgm file.

[[Image:Dragmath_save_and_restore.png|DragMath instructions]]

A .drgm file contains three-dimensional representation of your mathematical expression. It is a binary file that can only be opened by DragMath.
===Additional Editing===

There are times when '''DragMath''' is not going to have a symbol or something you might want. Or perhaps you left something out of the DragMath constuctor, so you want to include it manually. Most likely, for something like the matrix created earlier, I want to go to 15, which means I have to change the structure of the matrix, and edit in some numbers. This is easily done with a little forethought. Copy and paste and delete or edit what you want and do not want.

{| class="nicetable" align="center"
|-
| colspan="4"|'''Manually editing a DragMath construction - click an image to enlarge'''
|-
|[[Image:dragmath06a.png|thumb|150px|Select, copy and paste the original matrix]]
|[[Image:dragmath06b.png|thumb|150px|Edit to what is actually required]]
|[[Image:dragmath06c.png|thumb|150px|Delete the original matrix]]
|}

Sometimes however, you just want to include something you forgot, or rather, add something that was not there in the first place.

{| class="nicetable" align="center"
|-
| colspan="4"|'''Accurately editing a DragMath construction manually - click an image to enlarge'''
|-
|[[Image:dragmath06d.png|thumb|150px|Construct the original equation]]
|[[Image:dragmath06e.png|thumb|150px|Copy, then edit to what is actually required]]
|[[Image:dragmath06f.png|thumb|150px|Return to the edited page]]
|}

==What DragMath Does and How It Does It==
===Configuration files===
DragMath allows you to create your own configuration files. That means it can be used to parse and display what you tell it to parse and display. By way of example, DragMath comes with a number of configuration files, one of which has been specifically designed to place doubledollar tokens before and after inserted text. We have seen a number of people change the TeX tokens in Modle using MathJax, and then become nonplussed that DragMath stops working. No DragMath still works, but it is likely inserting tokens that MathJax is not parsing. This can get confusing if you have more than one display technology in place. DragMath allows you to alter the tokens it inserts, so you can quite easily, for example, have DragMath insert startmath or endmath if that is what you want to use for tokens.
===Language Files===
DragMath can also use quite a few languages.
==So! You want to use DragMath but don't want to use the TeX filter?==
===What?===
Yes. Moodle devs decided that you should not use DragMath unless you used the Moodle TeX filter (yes, over objections from lots of folk.) Does that mean that the TeX filter is the best way to go? Hardly. The TeX filter is rather long in the tooth, desperately in need of revision, and essentially only provides a fallback to a mimetex binary if you have not installed a TeX distribution. There are lots of other options for Math display in Moodle, may of them much easier to configure and use!
===Procedure===
====Decoupling DragMath from the Tex Filter====
Since default configuration of tinymce (the default editor) requires that TeX filter is enabled before Dragmath plugin can be used we need to edit file lib/editor/tinymce/lib.php

First, make a copy of that file to make sure that you can revert back to the original.

Second, open the file for editing (with an appropriate editor that will not do unseen things to the contents of your file)

Third, locate lines 107-111:

if (array_key_exists('filter/tex', $filters)) {
$xdragmath = 'dragmath,';
} else {
$xdragmath = '';
}

Fourth, replace all those lines with this one line:

$xdragmath = 'dragmath,';

removing the if statement that makes DragMath visible only if the TeX filter is turned on.

Fifth, save the file.

Sixth, replace the original file lib/editor/tinymce/lib.php with this modified version.

====Setting up another display mechanism====
Now DragMath will show up in your editor, but you have no way of displaying the TeX or other code that you might insert with DragMath. You can explore the docs and the Math forum and you will find quite a few other ways to display Math in Moodle. One very popular way is to use MathJax. Under Moodle 2.x the AdditionalHtml field can be used to add the reference to MathJax and even do some configuration.
To accomplish this, as an administrator of your site go to: Site administration -> Appearance -> Additional HTML -> Within HEAD
Now, add

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/distrib/jsxgraph.css" media="screen" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/distrib/jsxgraphcore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/distrib/GeonextReader.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML">
MathJax.Hub.Config({
tex2jax: {
inlineMath: [ ['$$','$$'], ['@i','@i'], ["\$","\$"] ],
displayMath:[ ["\$","\$"], ['@d','@d'] ],
processEscapes: true
}
});
</script>

Save changes.

Make sure that Tex filter and Algebra filter are disabled in Site administration > Plugins > Filters > Manage filters

Your moodle 2 is now using MathJax from a cloud server in cdn.mathjax.org with given delimiters (in this example double dollars and @i for inlineMath and @d for displayMath). You can choose to use other delimiters in configuration if you want or swap hat are there, BUT you may not use delimiters Moodle employs for other purposes and you need to be very careful of the syntax. You do not need to have the same token for beginning and end (for example, one could use startmath and endmath as tokens. See http://mathjax.org for additional information on these and other parameters.

"Wait!", you say. "What about the first three lines I added to AdditionalHtml?" We thought you would never ask. These lines add access to jsxgraph and GeoNextReader which you can find discussed in these forums and at the jsxgraph site, http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/wp/ Consider this temporary, as you shoulod update the jsxgraph reference to use its cloud source. See a discussion here: http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/wp/download/

==See Also==
* [[Advanced Maths Tools]] For an explanation of the SEE tools
* [[Using TeX Notation]] Some ideas and syntax
* [[TeX notation filter]] Turning TeX on
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mfc7umQ2xLA| A simple YouTube video] Constructing a simple equation.

*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=8wfjwJTa784| Dragmath tutorial 1]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIuMNrvsVN8| Dragmath tutorial 2]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g98o0fpmosQ&feature=relmfu| Dragmath tutorial 3]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88KN2Y-pJw0&feature=relmfu| Dragmath tutorial 4]

Discussion of the transition of DragMath to Moodle core: http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=125977&parent=551794

[[ca:DragMath_editor_d%27equacions]]

Question types

2011-08-29T18:27:28Z

Rama1946:

{{Questions}}

You may add a variety of different types of questions in the Quiz and Lesson modules. This page is about [[Quiz module]] question types, some will be similar to [[Lesson questions]] types, which are fewer in number and function differently. The standard quiz question types are listed below with brief descriptions. '''Please use the links on the right side of this page to find more detailed information about standard questions types.'''

==Standard question types==

=== Calculated ===
Calculated questions offer a way to create individual numerical questions by the use of wildcards that are substituted with individual values when the quiz is taken. [[Calculated_question_type|More on the Calculated question type]]

=== Description ===
This is not a real question. It simply prints some text (and possibly graphics) without requiring an answer. This can be used to provide some information to be used by a subsequent group of questions, for example. [[Description_question_type|More on the Description question type]]

=== Essay ===
In response to a question (that may include an image) the respondent writes an answer in essay format. [[Essay_question_type|More on the Essay question type]]

=== Matching ===
A list of sub-questions is provided, along with a list of answers. The respondent must "match" the correct answers with each question. [[Matching_question_type|More on the Matching question type]]

=== Embedded Answers ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloze_test Cloze Test] / Gap Fill) ===
These very flexible questions consist of a passage of text (in Moodle format) that has various answers embedded within it, including multiple choice, short answers and numerical answers. [[Embedded_Answers_(Cloze)_question_type|More on the Embedded Answers question type]]

=== Multiple Choice ===
In response to a question (that may include an image) the respondent chooses from multiple answers. There are two types of multiple choice questions - single answer and multiple answer. [[Multiple_Choice_question_type|More on the Multiple Choice question type]]

=== Short Answer ===
In response to a question (that may include an image), the respondent types a word or phrase. There may several possible correct answers, with different grades. Answers may or may not be sensitive to case. [[Short-Answer_question_type|More on the Short Answer question type]]

=== Numerical ===
From the student perspective, a numerical question looks just like a short-answer question. The difference is that numerical answers are allowed to have an accepted error. This allows a continuous range of answers to be set. [[Numerical_question_type|More on the Numerical question type]]

=== Random Short-Answer Matching ===
From the student perspective, this looks just like a Matching question. The difference is that the sub-questions are drawn randomly from Short Answer questions in the current category. [[Random_Short-Answer_Matching_question_type|More on the Random Short-Answer Matching question type]]

=== True/False ===
In response to a question (that may include an image), the respondent selects from two options: True or False. [[True/False_question_type|More on the True/False question type]]

==Third-party question types==

Besides the standard question types that are part of the core Moodle distribution, there are question type plugins contributed by the community.

===Drag and Drop===

Please see the [[Drag and Drop question tutorial]] for more information.

===Molecule design===

The [http://moodle.org/mod/data/view.php?d=13&rid=296 Java Molecular Editor question type] allows you to ask students to design and submit a molecular structure.

===Opaque===

[[Development:Opaque|Opaque]] is a system for using questions from other systems that support the Opaque protocol within Moodle quizzes. This question type is the Moodle end of that bridge. It can be downloaded from http://moodle.org/mod/data/view.php?d=13&rid=798. See the [[Opaque question type]] tutorial for more information.

===RQP===

RQP was an earlier attempt to do the same thing that Opaque does, but as of Moodle 1.6 it did not work. It used to be in Moodle core, but in Moodle 1.9 it was moved to be a third-part question type. It is probably now only of historical interest.

===Regular Expression Short Answer===
Like the Short Answer question, the RegExp Short Answer question expects the student to answer an "open" question with a word or a short phrase. However, using so-called '''regular expressions''' gives you access to a more powerful system for analysing the student's answers and thus providing more adapted feedback messages.
The Regular Expression Short Answer question type is available for Moodle 1.9 and 2.0 from the Modules and plugins database.
See the [[Regular Expression Short-Answer question type]] page for more information.

==Versions and questions==
*Some question types can be exported in version 1.6 to a lesson through use of a GIFT or XML Moodle file.

==Question bank==
Moodle 1.6 created "[[Question bank]]", a database of questions for the quiz module. This database will be available for both quiz and lesson modules in 2.0.

==See also==
[[Lesson questions]]

[[Category:Quiz]]
[[Category:Teacher]]
[[Category:Lesson]]

[[ca:Tipus_de_preguntes]]
[[es:Tipos de preguntas]]
[[eu:Galdera-motak]]
[[ja:問題タイプ]]

Simple calculated question type

2011-08-28T16:53:19Z

Rama1946: typo

{{Questions}}
{{Moodle 2.0}}

Simple calculated questions offer a way to create individual numerical questions whose response is the result of a numerical formula which contain variable numerical values by the use of wildcards (i.e '''{x}''' , '''{y}''') that are substituted with random values when the quiz is taken.

The simple calculated questions offers the most used features of the calculated question with a much simpler creation interface.

== My first Simple calculated question ==
As a first example you will create a question asking for the surface of a rectangle. Here are the quick steps we will go over in detail:
*Create the question content with variables shown in {}
*Enter the formula using the variables and set the tolerance
*Determine the range of the generated set of variables that will appear in the question content
*Review the generated set of question contents
*Since it is your first, check your work from a student's view

===Initiating the creation process===

Go to the [[Question bank]], select "create a new question" and in the pop-up window select the Simple calculated.
The Simple calculated question interface will appear.
Give a name to your question in the title.

===The question text===
Fill the question text (note that the '''{param}''' names can be chosen at will.
[[Image:Simple_calculated_first_question_text.jpg]]

===The Correct Answer Formula===
Fill the Correct Answer Formula using the '''{param}''' names used in the question text.
[[Image:Simple_calculated_first_question_formula.jpg]]

===Other answer and response parameters===
You will set the Grade to 100%, as this is the only answer in this question.

Leave the other parameters as they appears ( 0.01 relative means ±1% tolerance).

===Find the '''{param}''' in the formula===
In simple calculated only the '''{param}''' that are in the formula will be used.

In the question text , the '''{param}''' that are in the formula

will appear with there numerical values i.e 6.7 .

Any other {enclosed text} will appear as is i.e. {enclosed text}.

[[Image:Simple_calculated_first_question_find_wild_card.jpg]]

==='''Click on the button'''===

On reload the two {b} and {h} will be displayed.

===Set the minimum and maximum values===
Here the '''{b}''' range has been set to a 15-20 range and

the '''{h}''' range has been set to a 5-10 range

as we want a rectangle with a larger base than height.

[[Image:Simple_calculated_first_question_set_min_max.jpg]]

===Select the number of sets to generate (here 10) and to display(here 2)===
Just to illustrate that you can control the number of values displayed which is useful if you create 100 sets.

Also note the (red) warning that a valid question needs at least one set of {wild card} values.
You will not be allowed to save the question if you don't do the next step.

===Click on the generate button ===
[[Image:Simple_calculated_values.jpg]]

Note the sets are shown in reverse order so the the number indicates how many sets were created.

The two sets illustrate that the variability defined by the Min and Max values.

Note that the formula result is analyzed and

the tolerance limit (here 1% relative) is shown

The correct response that will be shown to the student is also shown.

The 2 decimals where defined are the default values defined as the last parameter under the Correct formula.

===Click on the Save button===

===Test your first Sinple calculated question===
On the question bank click on the preview icon.

Enter the result you have calculated yourself or click on the Fill with Correct button.

The values should be identical...
[[Image:Preview_simple_calculated_rectangle_example.jpg]]

Click on the submit button

[[Image:Previewsimple_calculated_rectangle_example_graded.jpg]]

==Editing a Simple Calculated question: Additional comments==

#Set the '''default question grade''' (i.e. the maximum number of marks for this question).
#Set the '''Penalty factor''' (see [[Calculated_question_type#Penalty_factor|Penalty factor]] below).
[[Calculated_question_type#Correct_answer_formula|Correct answer formula syntax]] for further details.
# Choose the '''grade''' that the student will get for this question if they give this answer. This should be a percentage of the total marks available. For example, you could give 100% for a correct answer, and 50% for an answer that is nearly right. '''One of the answers must have a 100% grade'''.
#Determine the '''tolerance''' for error that you will accept in the answer. The tolerance and tolerance type settings combine to give a range of acceptable scores. So, if tolerance = t, correct answer = x and the difference between the user's answer and the correct answer is dx, then the tolerance types are as follows:
##Nominal - mark correct if dx <= t
##Relative - mark correct if dx / x <= t
# The next 2 settings, "Correct answer shows" and "Format" determine the '''precision''' of the Correct answer shown. They are not used for grading.
# Add some '''feedback''' which the student will see if they enter this answer.
# You can specify as many answer formulae as you like - click "Add another answer blank" to add more.
# You can also specify units for the answers. For example, if you enter a unit of 'cm' here, and the accepted answer is 15, then the answers '15cm' and '15' are both accepted as correct. If you add more than one unit, you can also specify a multiplier. So, if your main answer was 5500 with unit W, you can also add the unit kW with a multiplier of 0.001. This means that the answers '5500', '5500W' or '5.5kW' would all be marked correct. Note that the accepted error is also multiplied, so an allowed error of 100W would become an error of 0.1kW.

==== Penalty factor ====

The 'penalty factor' only applies when the question is used in a quiz using adaptive mode - i.e. where the student is allowed multiple attempts at a question even within the same attempt at the quiz. If the penalty factor is more than 0, then the student will lose that proportion of the '''maximum''' grade upon each successive attempt. For example, if the default question grade is 10, and the penalty factor is 0.2, then each successive attempt after the first one will incur a penalty of 0.2 x 10 = 2 points.

==Correct answer formula syntax ==

=== DO NOT PUT THE = sign in the formula. ===

* In the recent versions of the calculated question type, you could have more than one answer formula and applied a specific grading value to each of them as long as there is at least one 100% correct answer formula.
If more than one correct answer formula input field are displayed when editing,
your site has the multiple answer feature.

* As a general rule, write these formulas like you would in a calculator e.g. <code>3 + 5 * sin(3/{x})</code> A notable exception is exponentiation, where x<sup>3</sup> cannot be entered as <code>{x}^3</code>, but instead should be entered as <code>pow(x, 3)</code>.
* Each function's placeholders and other arguments should be in parentheses (brackets). For example, if you want students to calculate the sine of one angle and cosine of two times of another angle, you would enter <code>sin({a}) + cos({b}*2)</code>.
* It's usually better to have too many parentheses (brackets) than too few. The server won't care, and the more specific you are about what you mean, the more likely it will like your complex formulas.
* There is no implicit multiplication. To you, the human editor, "5(23)" or "5x" may seem perfectly obvious. To the server doing the math, it's crazy talk and won't be understood. Always use the "*" for multiplication.
* Any special mathematical function must have parentheses around its values. Take the sine function in the first bullet point for instance. Notice that the ''3 / x'' is wrapped in parentheses (brackets)--this is so the server can understand it properly. Without those parentheses, the server won't know if you mean "(sin 3) / x" or "sin (3 / x)" and will reject the entire formula accordingly.

==Available functions==

Calculated questions can use more than simple arithmetic operators. The following functions are allowed in versions 1.5 and newer.

{| width="97%" border="1px"
!Function
!Explanation
|-
|abs
|Absolute value
|-
|acos
|Arc cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the acos of it.
|-
|acosh
|Inverse hyperbolic cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the acosh of it.
|-
|asin
|Arc sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the asin of it.
|-
|asinh
|Inverse hyperbolic sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the asing of it.
|-
|atan2
|Arc tangent of two variables -- pass in two values like (x, y), and you'll get the atah(y/x), adjusted to the proper quadrant.
|-
|atan
|Arc tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the atan of it.
|-
|atanh
|Inverse hyperbolic tangent
|-
|bindec
|Binary to decimal
|-
|ceil
|Round fractions up
|-
|cos
|Cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the cos of it.
|-
|cosh
|Hyperbolic cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the cosh of it.
|-
|decbin
|Decimal to binary
|-
|decoct
|Decimal to octal
|-
|deg2rad
|Converts the number in degrees to the radian equivalent
|-
|exp
|Calculates the exponent of e
|-
|expm1
|Returns exp(number) - 1, computed in a way that is accurate even when the value of number is close to zero
|-
|floor
|Round fractions down
|-
|fmod
|Returns the floating-point modulus of two numbers - i.e. the remainder when the first is divided by the second.
|-
|is_finite
|Finds whether a value is a legal finite number
|-
|is_infinite
|Finds whether a value is infinite
|-
|is_nan
|Finds whether a value is not a number
|-
|log10
|Base-10 logarithm
|-
|log1p
|Returns log(1 + number), computed in a way that is accurate even when the value of number is close to zero
|-
|log
|Natural logarithm (''ln'')
|-
|max
|Find highest value
|-
|min
|Find lowest value
|-
|octdec
|Octal to decimal
|-
|pi
|Get value of pi
|-
|pow (numberToRaise, NumberRaisedTo)
|Exponential expression
|-
|rad2deg
|Converts the radian number to the equivalent number in degrees
|-
|rand
|Generate a random integer
|-
|round
|Rounds a float
|-
|sin
|Sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the sin of it.
|-
|sinh
|Hyperbolic sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the sinh of it.
|-
|sqrt
|Square root
|-
|tan
|Tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the tan of it.
|-
|tanh
|Hyperbolic tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the tanh of it.
|}

==Predefined constants==
Actually there is NO Predefined constant that is allowed other than pi() as a function without parameter.

[[Category:Questions]]
[[Category:Mathematics]]

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[[zh:計算題]]

[[User:Pierre Pichet|Pierre Pichet]] 00:00, 5 June 2009 (UTC)