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Grades
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==Summary==
==Summary==


If a grade item of has its max points changed after someone receives a grade, then the resulting computed grade becomes very different from previous version of Moodle.
When grading in Moodle, either in an activity or directly in the gradebook, you assign the student a score from a specified range. For example the assignment maximum grade is set to 10 and you give the student 5 points out of 10 ( 50 %).  
Steps to reproduce
 
You can recreate the problem in 2.8 without the upgrade step. You will need a course with two users, A and B.
 
# Go into your gradebook and create a new manual Grade Item, leave it at the default 100 points and change the display to 'Real (Percent)'
# Give User A a grade of '10' and save.
# You should see the user has a grade of '10 (10%)'.
# Edit the grade item and set the maximum points to 10.
# Go back to the gradebook and give User B a grade of 10 and save.
# You will now see that User A has a grade of '10 (10%)' while User B has a grade of '10 (100%)'
# If you did this under 2.7, both users would have '10 (100%)', but then when you upgrade the site to 2.8, the grades would change to how you see them in the above example.
 
==Background/Cause==
 
When a grade is entered for a user, it is recorded in the grade_grade table. We record various bits of data, include the then current maxgrade of the grade_item, but under rawgrademax. In versions of Moodle prior to 2.8, when making derivative computations off the grade, we would always fetch grade_item->maxgrade, which contains the now max grade for the grade_item, and use that as the number of available points.


After the gradebook changes, grade_grade->rawgrademax is now used for the computation, in large part to support the computation of grades for different users with different sets of hidden grades. This has lead to a number of side effects:
The setting "Min and max grades used in calculation" defines how grades should be displayed and aggregated when the maximum grade for the assignment is changed after students have already been graded. The 2 possibilities are:


* Percentages and any downstream computed grades (and number of points available) have changed for grade entries that have this problem.
1) "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings" - The students grade will be displayed out of the new range, and this will affect their percentage. E.g. if the maximum grade was changed to 20 in the example above (after the student was graded), the students grade would show 5 out of 20 ( 25 % ).
* Two users with the same number of points for an item can see different percentages.
* Drop lowest/keep highest selections are wrong.
* If you have the Range rows on in the gradebook, it will show the 'expanded' range. So in our above example it will show 0-100, even though 10 is the max points.
* In the user report the user will see the expanded range.


==How do users cause it==
2) "Initial min and max grades" - The students grades are displayed with the range that was defined at the time the student was graded. E.g. if the maximum grade was changed to 20 in the example above (after the student was graded), the students grade would still show 5 out of 10 ( 50 % ) until a teacher manually regraded that student out of 20.


The most common thing we see is that teachers create a grade item for something, and forget to change the max points to what they want (usually 4 points). They then go and grade people. Then they see the mistake and change the max grade to be 4, with their intent (and the previous behavior being) that a user with a grade of 4 points has a 100%.
== Information for upgrades ==
Note: The default behaviour in Moodle is the "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings". In Moodle 2.8.0 - 2.8.6 and 2.9.0 the behaviour was un-intentionally changed to "Initial min and max grades". In Moodle 2.8.7 and Moodle 2.9.1 it was restored to "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings" and this setting was added to allow changing the behaviour.

Revision as of 04:48, 10 June 2015


Summary

When grading in Moodle, either in an activity or directly in the gradebook, you assign the student a score from a specified range. For example the assignment maximum grade is set to 10 and you give the student 5 points out of 10 ( 50 %).

The setting "Min and max grades used in calculation" defines how grades should be displayed and aggregated when the maximum grade for the assignment is changed after students have already been graded. The 2 possibilities are:

1) "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings" - The students grade will be displayed out of the new range, and this will affect their percentage. E.g. if the maximum grade was changed to 20 in the example above (after the student was graded), the students grade would show 5 out of 20 ( 25 % ).

2) "Initial min and max grades" - The students grades are displayed with the range that was defined at the time the student was graded. E.g. if the maximum grade was changed to 20 in the example above (after the student was graded), the students grade would still show 5 out of 10 ( 50 % ) until a teacher manually regraded that student out of 20.

Information for upgrades

Note: The default behaviour in Moodle is the "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings". In Moodle 2.8.0 - 2.8.6 and 2.9.0 the behaviour was un-intentionally changed to "Initial min and max grades". In Moodle 2.8.7 and Moodle 2.9.1 it was restored to "Min and max grades as specified in grade item settings" and this setting was added to allow changing the behaviour.

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