Table of locales
Introduction
Definition: (from Wikipedia) Locale is a set of parameters that defines the user's language, country and any special variant preferences that the user wants to see in their user interface. Usually a locale identifier consists of at least a language identifier and a region identifier.
Currently such locales are named differently under Unix-based and Win32-based platforms so we need to have them defined separately to allow Moodle to use them as necessary. For each lang package' available for Moodle, we must specify the locale value (Unix locale) and the localewin value (Win32 locale). Both those strings should be (no mandatory) defined inside each Moodle 1.6 and upwards langpack to be able to display locale strings properly.
The general syntax for locales is:
language[_country][.charset]
(with information under brackets being optional)
While the .charset part seems to work properly under Unix, it seems that is not working under Win32 (at least from PHP), and strings returned from some PHP functions aren't in the charset specified but in some sort of default charset. Let's call it localewincharset. This forces us to convert from this charset to the current_charset() being used by the user.
Support in operating systems
openSUSE
- SUSE linux 10.1 contains all necessary locales
Ubuntu based
The default installation contains only limited number of locales. You can generate all locales on server from command line:
sudo ln -s /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED /var/lib/locales/supported.d/all
sudo locale-gen
FreeBSD
All 5.x and later versions should already contain a large number of supported locales with utf-8 charset.
MS Windows
There is no way to add new locales, see follow table for list of supported locales.
Table
So, for each 1.6 Moodle language pack, we'll describe below this columns:
- package_name: name of the language pack as showed in http://download.moodle.org/lang16/.
- lang_name: name of the language as showed in http://download.moodle.org/lang16/.
- locale: locale string to be used under Unix platforms. This will be stored in each language langconfig.php file.
- localewin: locale string to be used under Win32 platforms. This will be stored in each language langconfig.php file.
- localewincharset: charset in which PHP is retrieving information from locale-dependent functions (strftime...). This will allow us to convert such strings to the final charset properly. This will be stored in each language langconfig.php file.
| package_name | lang_name | locale | localewin | localewincharset |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| af_utf8 | Afrikaans | en.UTF-8 | Afrikaans.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| sq_utf8 | Albanian | al.UTF-8 | Albanian_Albania.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| ar_utf8 | Arabic | en.UTF-8 | Arabic.1256 | WINDOWS-1256 |
| eu_utf8 | Basque | eu.UTF-8 | Basque_Spain.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| be_utf8 | Belarusian | en.UTF-8 | Belarusian_Belarus.1251 | WINDOWS-1251 |
| bs_utf8 | Bosnian | bs.UTF-8 | Serbian (Latin) | WINDOWS-1250 |
| bg_utf8 | Bulgarian | en.UTF-8 | Bulgarian_Bulgaria.1251 | WINDOWS-1251 |
| ca_utf8 | Catalan | ca_ES.UTF-8 | Catalan_Spain.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| hr_utf8 | Croatian | hr_HR.UTF-8 | Croatian_Croatia.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| zh_cn_utf8 | Chinese (Simplified) | zh_CN.UTF-8 | Chinese_China.936 | CP936 |
| zh_tw_utf8 | Chinese (Traditional) | zh_TW.UTF-8 | Chinese_Taiwan.950 | CP950 |
| cs_utf8 | Czech | cs_CZ.UTF-8 | Czech_Czech Republic.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| da_utf8 | Danish | da_DK.UTF-8 | Danish_Denmark.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| nl_utf8 | Dutch | nl_NL.UTF-8 | Dutch_Netherlands.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| en_utf8 | English | en.UTF-8 | English_Australia.1252 | -empty string- |
| en_us_utf8 | English (US) | -parent en_utf8 used- | -parent en_utf8 used- | -parent en_utf8 used- |
| et_utf8 | Estonian | et_EE.UTF-8 | Estonian_Estonia.1257 | WINDOWS-1257 |
| fa_utf8 | Farsi | en.UTF-8 | Farsi_Iran.1256 | WINDOWS-1256 |
| fil_utf8 | Filipino | fil.UTF-8 | Filipino_Philippines.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| fi_utf8 | Finnish | fi_FI.UTF-8 | Finnish_Finland.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| fr_utf8 | French | fr_FR.UTF-8 or fr_CH.UTF-8 or fr_BE.UTF-8 |
French_France.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| fr_ca_utf8 | French (Canada) | fr_CA.UTF-8 | -parent fr_utf8 used- | -parent fr_utf8 used- |
| ga_utf8 | Gaelic | ga.UTF-8 | Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic | WINDOWS-1252 |
| gl_utf8 | Gallego | es_ES.UTF-8 | Galician_Spain.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| ka_utf8 | Georgian | ka_GE | Georgian_Georgia.65001 | -empty string- |
| de_utf8 | German | en.UTF-8 | German_Germany.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| de_du_utf8 | German (Personal) | de_DE.UTF-8 | -parent de_utf8 used- | -parent de_utf8 used- |
| el_utf8 | Greek | el.UTF-8 | Greek_Greece.1253 | WINDOWS-1253 |
| he_utf8 | Hebrew | en.UTF-8 | Hebrew_Israel.1255 | WINDOWS-1255 |
| hi_utf8 | Hindi | empty! | Hindi.65001 | -empty string- |
| hu_utf8 | Hungarian | hu.UTF-8 | Hungarian_Hungary.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| is_utf8 | Icelandic | is_IS.UTF-8 | Icelandic_Iceland.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| id_utf8 | Indonesian | id_ID.UTF-8 | Indonesian_indonesia.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| it_utf8 | Italian | it_IT.UTF-8 | Italian_Italy.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| ja_utf8 | Japanese | ja_JP.UTF-8 | Japanese_Japan.932 | CP932 |
| kn_utf8 | Kannada | ಕನ್ನಡ | Kannada.65001 | -empty string- |
| km_utf8 | Khmer | អង់គ្លេស | Khmer.65001 | -empty string- |
| ko_utf8 | Korean | ko_KR.UTF-8 | Korean_Korea.949 | EUC-KR |
| lt_utf8 | Lithuanian | lt_LT.UTF-8 | Lithuanian_Lithuania.1257 | WINDOWS-1257 |
| lv_utf8 | Latvian | lat.UTF-8 | Latvian_Latvia.1257 | WINDOWS-1257 |
| ml_utf8 | Malayalam | ml-IN.UTF-8 | Malayalam_India.x-iscii-ma | x-iscii-ma |
| ms_utf8 | Malaysian | id_ID.UTF-8 | Indonesian_indonesia.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| mi_tn_utf8 | Maori (Ngai Tahu) | en | Maori.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| no_utf8 | Norwegian | no_NO.UTF-8 | Norwegian_Norway.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| undefined | Norwegian (Primary) | no_NO.UTF-8 | -parent no_utf8 used- | -parent no_utf8 used- |
| nn_utf8 | Nynorsk | nn_NO.UTF-8 | Norwegian-Nynorsk_Norway.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| pl_utf8 | Polish | pl.UTF-8 | Polish_Poland.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| pt_utf8 | Portuguese | pt_PT.UTF-8 | Portuguese_Portugal.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| pt_br_utf8 | Portuguese (Brazil) | pt_BR.UTF-8 | Portuguese_Brazil.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| ro_utf8 | Romanian | ro_RO.UTF-8 | Romanian_Romania.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| ru_utf8 | Russian | ru_RU.UTF-8 | Russian_Russia.1251 | WINDOWS-1251 |
| sr_utf8 | Serbian | sr | Serbian (Cyrillic)_Serbia and Montenegro.1251 | WINDOWS-1251 |
| sk_utf8 | Slovak | sk_SK.UTF-8 | Slovak_Slovakia.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| sl_utf8 | Slovenian | en.UTF-8 | Slovenian_Slovenia.1250 | WINDOWS-1250 |
| so_utf8 | Somali | en.UTF-8 | not found! | not found! |
| es_utf8 | Spanish (International) | es_ES.UTF-8 | Spanish_Spain.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| es_es_utf8 | Spanish (Spain) | es_ES.UTF-8 | -parent es_utf8 used- | -parent es_utf8 used- |
| sv_utf8 | Swedish | sv_SE.UTF-8 | Swedish_Sweden.1252 | WINDOWS-1252 |
| tl_utf8 | Tagalog | tl.UTF-8 | not found! | not found! |
| th_utf8 | Thai | th | Thai_Thailand.874 | WINDOWS-874 |
| tr_utf8 | Turkish | tr_TR.UTF-8 | Turkish_Turkey.1254 | WINDOWS-1254 |
| uk_utf8 | Ukrainian | uk_UA.UTF-8 | Ukrainian_Ukraine.1251 | WINDOWS-1251 |
| vi_utf8 | Vietnamese | en | Vietnamese_Viet Nam.1258 | WINDOWS-1258 |
Note: Some locales for windows in red could be incorrect (technically or geographically but they are the only way I've found to show dates properly in my XP box). Also some other coloured cells must be revised because they are not working.
References
Windows
- Win32 Language names: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_language_strings.asp
- Win32 Country names: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_country_strings.asp
- Win32 Codepage codes: http://www.microsoft.com/globaldev/reference/wincp.mspx
- Languages and codepages: http://www.science.co.il/Language/Locale-Codes.asp
- More languages and codepages: http://code.cside.com/3rdpage/windows/
- Languages and locales: http://www.livio.net/main/charset.asp
- Table of language identifiers: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/intl/nls_238z.asp
Unix
- Unix Language names: http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html (639-2 is used only if 639-1 doesn't exist, see the "Locale Name Guide" below).
- Unix Country names: http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/02iso-3166-code-lists/list-en1.html
- Unix Charset codes: http://www.w3.org/International/O-charset-list.html
Other Information
- Locale Name Guide: http://openi18n.org/docs/text/LocNameGuide-V10.txt
- FAQ about ISO 639: http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/faq.html
- One initiative from Unicode: http://www.unicode.org/cldr/index.html
- Weekdays and Months: http://www.domesticat.net/misc/monthsdays.php
