Aktualisierung von Moodle: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

Version vom 24. Februar 2015, 17:21 Uhr

Dieser Artikel beschreibt, wie Sie Moodle aktualisieren. Eine Übersicht über die einzelnen Schritte finden Sie unter Aktualisierung in Kürze.

Voraussetzungen prüfen

Prüfen Sie die Systemanforderungen für die Moodle-Version 2.8 unter Block Einstellungen > Website-Administration > Server > Serverinformationen.

Hinweis: Beachten Sie, dass Sie nur von Moodle 2.2. oder neueren Versionen auf Moodle 2.8 aktualisieren können. Wenn Ihr Moodle älter ist als 2.2, dann müssen Sie erst auf Moodle 2.2. aktualisieren.

Before upgrading

We advise that you test the upgrade first on a COPY of your production site, to make sure it works as you expect.

Backup important data

There are three areas that should be backed up before any upgrade:

Moodle software (For example, everything in server/htdocs/moodle)
Moodle uploaded files (For example, server/moodledata)
Moodle database (For example, your Postgres or MySQL database dump)

See Site backup for more specific information.

Put your site into maintenance mode

Before you begin upgrading your site, you should make sure cron is not running and put it into maintenance mode to stop any non-admin users from logging in.

Check for plugin updates

If you have Automatic updates deployment enabled, you will be able to update installed plugins automatically during the upgrade. Just make sure you check for available updates (via the button for it) at the Plugins check screen.

If you are updating plugins manually, it is a good moment now to check in the Moodle Plugins directory whether there is a 2.8 version available for any plugins (including themes) that you have previously installed on your site. If so, download the plugin package. In the next step, you will copy it to the appropriate location in your Moodle code (see Installing plugins).

The upgrade of the plugin will then happen as part of the Moodle upgrade process.

If an out-of-date plugin causes your upgrade to fail, you can usually delete the plugin code rather than uninstalling it from within Moodle so that the data associated with it is not deleted.

Install the new Moodle software

You can fetch the current (2.8) version of the software through

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/moodle/files/Moodle/stable28/moodle-latest-28.tgz

Standard install package

Move your old Moodle software program files to another location. Do NOT copy new files over the old files.
Unzip or unpack the upgrade file so that all the new Moodle software program files are in the location the old files used to be in on the server. Moodle will adjust SQL and moodledata if it needs to in the upgrade.
Copy your old config.php file back to the new Moodle directory.
As mentioned above, if you had installed any plugins on your site you should add them to the new code tree now. It is important to check that you get the correct version for your new version of Moodle. Be particularly careful that you do not overwrite any code in the new version of Moodle.
Dont forget to also copy over your moodledata folder / directory. If you don't you will get a "fatal error $cfg- dataroot is not configured properly".

Linux

mv moodle moodle.backup
tar xvzf moodle-2.8.tgz

Next, copy across your config.php, any custom plugins, and your .htaccess file if you created one (check that custom plugins are the correct version for your new Moodle first):

cp moodle.backup/config.php moodle
cp -pr moodle.backup/theme/mytheme moodle/theme/mytheme
cp -pr moodle.backup/mod/mymod moodle/mod/mymod

Don't forget to make moodle/config.php (and the rest of the source code) readable by your www server. Ideally the files should not be writeable by your server.

If you use cron, take care that cron.php is executeable and uses the correct php command:

chmod 740 admin/cli/cron.php (some configurations need chmod 750 or chmod 755)
copy the first line from cron.php (if it looks like '#!/usr/local/bin/php' or '#!/usr/local/bin/php5.3', no need to copy '<?php')

if necessary.

Using Git

You can use Git for updating or upgrading your Moodle. See Git for Administrators for details.

Command line upgrade

On Linux servers, Moodle 2.8 supports running the upgrade from the command line, rather than through a web browser. This is likely to be more reliable, particularly for large sites.

Finishing the upgrade

The last step is to trigger the upgrade processes within Moodle.

To do this just go to Administration > Site administration > Notifications.

Moodle will automatically detect the new version and perform all the SQL database or file system upgrades that are necessary. If there is anything it can't do itself (very rare) then you will see messages telling you what you need to do.

Assuming all goes well (no error messages) then you can start using your new version of Moodle and enjoy the new features!

Note: If you are running multiple servers then you should purge all caches manually (via Administration > Site administration > Development > Purge all caches) after completing the upgrade on all servers.

Fatal error: Maximum execution time of 30 seconds exceeded...

If your server uses a main language other than English, you may encounter a 'Fatal error: Maximum execution time of 30 seconds exceeded' when you try to upgrade it. You can increase max_execution_time = 160 on php.ini to allow the scripts enough time to process the language update. Otherwise, you can switch to English as the default language before doing the upgrade and back to your original language after a succcessful upgrade. See the forum discussion at https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=119598.

After upgrading

The config.php file from your installation should work fine but if you take a look at config-dist.php that came with Moodle 2.8 there are more/different options available (e.g. database drivers and settings). It's a good idea to map your old config.php settings to a new one based on the 2.8 config-dist.php.

Cron

Cron has received a major update (MDL-25499) and now has support for both scheduled and adhoc tasks.

The benefits of these changes are:

The schedule for every task can be configured by the admin
Tasks can run in parallel
Cron processes use locking to prevent the same task running at the same time by different processes
Clusters with multiple identical application nodes are supported, you can run cron on all of them

A result of this is that cron can be run much more often, which means (for example) forum posts can be sent out sooner. To take advantage of the new cron system it is now strongly recommended that administrators increase the frequency that cron is run to at least once per minute.

You also may need to modify any automated scripts you have that are parsing the output from cron. It is no longer possible to simply monitor the output of cron for the string "Cron script completed correctly" (if that is what you were doing). An alternative is to monitor the output for the string "task failed:". If you detect that a task is failing, here are some tips for debugging the failure.

Before the upgrade to 2.8, there may have been a cron task that was failing, which was preventing the rest of cron from being executed. A failure in any single task will no longer prevent the rest of the Moodle cron tasks from executing, so you may uncover previously masked bugs. It is a good idea to closely monitor the output from cron after the upgrade to 2.8.

Assignments

The old assignment (2.2) module has been removed from core and has been replaced by a stub to support transparently remapping URLs and restoring course backups from the old module to the new one.

If you are still using the old assignment (2.2) module, after upgrading to Moodle 2.8 all assignment (2.2) activities will be hidden. You need to run the Assignment upgrade tool to un-hide the activities.

If you really, really need to keep using the old assignment (2.2) module, you should update the code to Moodle 2.8, and then replace the "mod/assignment" folder with the one from https://github.com/moodlehq/moodle-mod_assignment/releases before completing the upgrade.

Possible issues that may affect you in Moodle 2.8

New aggregation method - 'Natural'

The aggregation method 'Sum of grades' used in the gradebook has been reviewed, significantly improved and renamed to 'Natural'. It is recommended that 'Natural' is set as the default aggregation method, as for new Moodle 2.8 installs.

In addition, the aggregation setting 'Aggregate including subcategories' has been removed.

Any courses previously using either 'Sum of grades' and/or 'Aggregate including subcategories' may have some changes to grades. Thus it is recommended that grades in the gradebook are reviewed for such courses.

Teachers able to enrol users via the cohort sync enrolment method

Teachers will get access to Cohort sync enrolment method if it is enabled, remove capability to use this enrolment method from teachers if you want to preserve 2.7 behaviour. See MDL-36014

Gradebook scrolling and theme issues

Themes with non-fixed headers must have the .navbar class in their navbar in order for floating headers in the grader report to work - see MDL-46658 for more information.

Removal of the 'Group members only' experimental setting

The experimental setting 'Group members only' has been removed in Moodle 2.8. The group and grouping restrictions in conditional activities now provide this functionality. Any 'Available for group members only' instances are automatically converted to group or grouping restrictions when a site is upgraded.

'Available for group members only' instances with no grouping selected are converted to a 'Must belong to any group' restriction.
'Available for group members only' instances with a grouping specified are converted to a 'Must belong to the specific grouping' restriction.

Removal of DragMath

DragMath is no longer distributed in Moodle. It is available elsewhere as a third-party plugin which may be downloaded and installed by an administrator.

MySQL dmlwriteexceptionerror exception throw on course restoration

Some users are getting the following MySQL error during the course restoration procedure:

 Row size too large (>8126). Changing some columns to TEXT or BLOB or using ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC or ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED may help.

This affect all moodle versions and is due MySQL default InnoDB file format (Antelope) cannot handle more than 10 text columns. We strongly recommend you change the InnoDB file format to Barracuda.

Since 2.6 onwards we have a specific tool to help users on this conversion. Please use the command below to do the database change.

 php admin/cli/mysql_compressed_rows.php

More information about InnoDB file formats can be found here:

 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/innodb/1.1/en/glossary.html#glos_antelope
 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/innodb/1.1/en/glossary.html#glos_barracuda

Moodle 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7 improvements

Depending on which version you are upgrading from, please see the section 'Possible issues that may affect you' in the documentation

Wartungsmodus aktivieren

Bevor Sie mit der Aktualisierung beginnen, schalten Sie die Moodle-Site in den Wartungsmodus, um zu verhindern, dass sich Nutzer/innen anmelden.

Wichtige Daten sichern

Detaillierte Informationen dazu finden Sie im Artikel Sicherungen.

Im wesentlichen müssen Sie drei Bereiche sichern:

Moodle Software (PHP-Skripte von Moodle)
Moodle-Datenverzeichnis
Moodle-Datenbank

Erfahrene Administrator/innen wissen, dass es bei größeren Aktualisierungen immer wichtig ist, diese Daten zu sichern. Generell ist es eine gute Idee, diese Daten täglich automatisch zu sichern. Wenn Sie eine Standardinstallation von Moodle betreiben (ohne zusätzliche Plugins, ohne eigene Codeanpassungen), dann läuft die Aktualisierung normalerweise reibungslos durch.

Tipp: Prüfen Sie auch, ob Sie Ihre Sicherungen wiederherstellen können, sonst nützen sie nichts!

Neue Moodle-Software installieren

Die Aktualisierung von Moodle kann ein ganz einfacher, aber auch ein komplizierterer Prozess sein. Wenn Sie keine zusätzlichen Plugins haben und z.B. von Moodle 2.x.1 auf Moodle 2.x.3 aktualisieren, sollte dies ohne Probleme funktionieren. Dennoch sollten Sie auch in diesem Fall alle relevanten Daten sichern.

Achtung: Überschreiben Sie niemals eine alte Installation, wenn Sie nicht genau wissen, was Sie da tun! Am besten, Sie benennen Ihr altes Moodle-Verzeichnis (wo die PHP-Skripte von Moodle gespeichert sind) um und legen ein neues, leeres Verzeichnis mit dem alten Namen an.

Standardpaket verwenden

Laden Sie sich das aktuellste Standardinstallationspaket herunter.

Aktivieren Sie den Wartungsmodus.
Benennen Sie das alte Moodle-Verzeichnis um (z.B. /moodle -> /moodleold), und entpacken Sie den neuen Code und kopieren Sie ihn in das Verzeichnis, wo die alten Moodle-Skripte vorher lagen (z.B. /moodle).
Kopieren Sie Ihre alte Moodle-Konfigurationsdatei config.php zurück ins Moodle-Verzeichnis (z.B. /moodle).
Wenn Sie zusätzliche Plugins installiert hatten, laden Sie die entsprechenden neuen Versionen herunter und entpacken Sie diese in den passenden Verzeichnissen (siehe Plugins installieren). Stellen Sie sicher, dass die Versionen der Plugins zur neuen Moodle-Version passen.
Gehen Sie auf die Seite Einstellungen > Website-Administration > Mitteilungen, um den Aktualisierungsprozess anzustoßen.
Nach erfolgreicher Aktualisierung schalten Sie den Wartungsmodus wieder aus, damit sich Ihre Nutzer/innen wieder anmelden können.

Git verwenden

Sie können auch das Git verwenden, um Moodle zu aktualisieren.

Aktualisierte Version testen

Wenn Sie prüfen möchten, ob das Datenbank-Schema Ihrer aktualisierten Moodle-Datenbank mit dem Datenbank-Schema einer Neuinstallation übereinstimmt, dann finden Sie nähere Informationen dazu im Artikel Datenbank-Schema prüfen.

Mehrere Versionen bei der Aktualisierung überspringen

Normalerweise können Sie von einer Moodle-Version auf eine beliebige neuere Version aktualisieren, z.B. von 2.0 auf 2.1 oder von 1.9 auf 2.2.

Wenn die Versionssprünge jedoch zu groß sind, kann es zu Problemen kommen (z.B. von 1.6 auf 2.2). Beachten Sie daher folgende Einschränkungen:

Sie müssen auf eine Version 1.9.x aktualisieren, bevor Sie auf 2.y aktualisieren.
Sie müssen auf eine Version 2.2.x aktualisieren, bevor Sie auf 2.3 aktualisieren.

Siehe auch

Serverinformationen
Installation FAQ
Forum zur Installation im Kurs Using Moodle auf moodle.org

Aktualisierung auf eine bestimmte Version:

Diskussionsbeiträge im Kurs Using Moodle auf moodle.org:

@@ Zeile 5: / Zeile 5: @@
 Prüfen Sie die Systemanforderungen für die Moodle-Version 2.8 unter Block ''[[Einstellungen-Block|Einstellungen]] > Website-Administration > Server > [[Serverinformationen]]''.
-'''Hinweis''': Beachten Sie, dass Sie nur von Moodle 2.2. oder neueren Versionen auf Moodle 2.8 aktualisieren können. Wenn Ihr Moodle älter ist als 2.2, dann müssen Sie erst auf [https://docs.moodle.org/22/Auf_Moodle_2.2_aktualisieren Moodle 2.2. aktualisieren].
+'''Hinweis''': Beachten Sie, dass Sie nur von Moodle 2.2. oder neueren Versionen auf Moodle 2.8 aktualisieren können. Wenn Ihr Moodle älter ist als 2.2, dann müssen Sie erst auf [https://docs.moodle.org/22/de/Auf_Moodle_2.2_aktualisieren Moodle 2.2. aktualisieren].
 ==Before upgrading==

Documentation