Calculated question type: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami
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==Available functions== | ==Available functions== | ||
*Calculated questions can use more than simple arithmetic operators. | *Calculated questions can use more than simple arithmetic operators. | ||
The following functions are allowed in the 1.5 and newer versions Moodle. | |||
// Zero argument functions | |||
case 'pi' | |||
// Single argument functions (the most common case) | |||
case 'abs': case 'acos': case 'acosh': case 'asin': case 'asinh': | |||
case 'atan': case 'atanh': case 'bindec': case 'ceil': case 'cos': | |||
case 'cosh': case 'decbin': case 'decoct': case 'deg2rad': | |||
case 'exp': case 'expm1': case 'floor': case 'is_finite': | |||
case 'is_infinite': case 'is_nan': case 'log10': case 'log1p': | |||
case 'octdec': case 'rad2deg': case 'sin': case 'sinh': case 'sqrt': | |||
case 'tan': case 'tanh': | |||
// Functions that take one or two arguments | |||
case 'log': case 'round': | |||
// Functions that must have two arguments | |||
case 'atan2': case 'fmod': case 'pow': | |||
// Functions that take two or more arguments | |||
case 'min': case 'max': | |||
{| width="97%" border="1px" | {| width="97%" border="1px" | ||
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|atanh | |atanh | ||
|Inverse hyperbolic tangent | |Inverse hyperbolic tangent | ||
|- | |- | ||
|bindec | |bindec | ||
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|decbin | |decbin | ||
|Decimal to binary | |Decimal to binary | ||
|- | |- | ||
|decoct | |decoct | ||
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|floor | |floor | ||
|Round fractions down | |Round fractions down | ||
|- | |- | ||
|is_finite | |is_finite | ||
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|is_infinite | |is_infinite | ||
|Finds whether a value is infinite | |Finds whether a value is infinite | ||
|- | |||
|is_nan | |||
|Finds whether a value is not a number | |||
|- | |- | ||
|log10 | |log10 | ||
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|min | |min | ||
|Find lowest value | |Find lowest value | ||
|- | |- | ||
|octdec | |octdec |
Wersja z 03:11, 5 wrz 2007
Calculated questions offer a way to create individual numerical questions by the use of wildcards (i.e {x} , {y})that are substituted with random values when the quiz is taken.
For example, if you want to create a large number of "Calculate the area of a rectangle" problems to drill your students, you could create a question with two wildcards (i.e. {base}, {height}) and put in the "Correct Answer Formula=" input field {base} * {height} ( * being the multiplication sign ).
Correct Answer Formula= {base}*{height}
When a student takes the test, Moodle will randomly select values for {base} and {height} and grade the response using the result of the Correct Answer Formula=.
The test will very rarely appear the same way twice.
CAUTION: At least ONE wildcard in one of the answers
The main purpose of calculated question is to create multiple versions of a question with different numerical values.
Otherwise use numerical question.
A three steps process
To create (or modify) a calculated question you need:
Define the usual question parameters
Name
- Give the question a descriptive name.
Question text
- All variables "wildcard" you want Moodle to replace with generated values must be placed in curly braces. For example if you wanted to sum numbers A and B the wild cards would be {A} and {B} or even {FirstNumber} and {SecondNumber}
- Question text should contains at least one wildcard (otherwise you wouldn't be using this kind of question).
- The user have all the necessary information to answer correctly
Correct answer formula
- define at least one formula answer containing at least the wildcards that were put in the question text and all the other parameter related to precision or units.
- set 100% at least to one of the answers
Precise the dataset definitions
- For each wild card(s) there is a the dataset containing the data that will be substituted to the wild card.
- The dataset can be
- private i.e. only used by this question
- shared i.e shared with other questions from the same category
- A dataset definition is mandatory for each of the wild cards used in the formulas.
- If you put in the question text some text between brackets {zzz} that is a possible wild card ,
- you will be able to choose if it is really a wild card or not.
Define at least one set of values for each wild card
- If you define a large number of values (actual maximum number = 100),
- you get a more randomized set of different questions.
Question set-up
- If you wish, add general feedback.
- Enter the formula for the answer. Be sure to use the same placeholders so Moodle can substitute the same values.
- Determine the tolerance for error that you will accept in the answer. The tolerance and tolerance type combine to give a range of acceptable scores.
- Select the number of significant figures you want in the correct answer.
- Add correct answer feedback.
- Enter the units for the answer (e.g. meters, kg, etc.). Moodle will look for the correct units. If you want to enter other acceptable units, such as metric versus imperial distances, enter them along with a conversion factor.
- Click Save changes.
- On the next screen, choose whether to create substitution values for each placeholder only for this question, or for other questions in the same category.
- Click Save changes.
- Create a dataset for the question or questions in the category. For each placeholder, generate a series of acceptable values. The more values you generate, the more a question can be used without repeating values. Note that you must click the Add (number) items button to actually incorporate the displayed numbers into your question. Once added, you'll see a list of possible value (dataset) at the bottom, and you can proceed.
- Click Back to quiz editing.
Correct answer formula
DO NOT PUT THE = sign in the fomula.
- In the recent versions of the calculated question type, you could have more than one answer formula and applied a specific grading value to each of them as long as there is at least one 100% correct answer formula.
If more than one correct answer formula input field are displayed when editing, your site has the multiple answer feature.
- As a general rule, write these formulas like you would in a calculator e.g.
3 + 5 * sin (3/{x})
- Each function's placeholders and other arguments should be in parentheses (brackets). For example, if you want students to calculate the sine of one angle and two times cosine of another, you would enter
sin({a}) + cos({b}*2)
. - It's usually better to have too many parentheses (brackets) than too few. The server won't care, and the more specific you are about what you mean, the more likely it will like your complex formulas.
- There is no implicit multiplication. To you, the human editor, "5(23)" or "5x" may seem perfectly obvious. To the server doing the math, it's crazy talk and won't be understood. Always use the "*" for multiplication.
- Any special mathematical function must have parentheses around its values. Take the sine function in the first bullet point for instance. Notice that the 3 / x is wrapped in parentheses (brackets)--this is so the server can understand it properly. Without those parentheses, the server won't know if you mean "(sin 3) / x" or "sin (3 / x)" and will reject the entire formula accordingly.
Available functions
- Calculated questions can use more than simple arithmetic operators.
The following functions are allowed in the 1.5 and newer versions Moodle.
// Zero argument functions case 'pi' // Single argument functions (the most common case) case 'abs': case 'acos': case 'acosh': case 'asin': case 'asinh': case 'atan': case 'atanh': case 'bindec': case 'ceil': case 'cos': case 'cosh': case 'decbin': case 'decoct': case 'deg2rad': case 'exp': case 'expm1': case 'floor': case 'is_finite': case 'is_infinite': case 'is_nan': case 'log10': case 'log1p': case 'octdec': case 'rad2deg': case 'sin': case 'sinh': case 'sqrt': case 'tan': case 'tanh': // Functions that take one or two arguments case 'log': case 'round': // Functions that must have two arguments case 'atan2': case 'fmod': case 'pow': // Functions that take two or more arguments case 'min': case 'max':
Function | Explanation |
---|---|
abs | Absolute value |
acos | Arc cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the acos of it. |
acosh | Inverse hyperbolic cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the acosh of it. |
asin | Arc sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the asin of it. |
asinh | Inverse hyperbolic sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the asing of it. |
atan2 | Arc tangent of two variables -- pass in two values like (x, y), and you'll get the atah(y/x), adjusted to the proper quadrant. |
atan | Arc tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the atan of it. |
atanh | Inverse hyperbolic tangent |
bindec | Binary to decimal |
ceil | Round fractions up |
cos | Cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the cos of it. |
cosh | Hyperbolic cosine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the cosh of it. |
decbin | Decimal to binary |
decoct | Decimal to octal |
deg2rad | Converts the number in degrees to the radian equivalent |
exp | Calculates the exponent of e |
expm1 | Returns exp(number) - 1, computed in a way that is accurate even when the value of number is close to zero |
floor | Round fractions down |
is_finite | Finds whether a value is a legal finite number |
is_infinite | Finds whether a value is infinite |
is_nan | Finds whether a value is not a number |
log10 | Base-10 logarithm |
log1p | Returns log(1 + number), computed in a way that is accurate even when the value of number is close to zero |
log | Natural logarithm (ln) |
max | Find highest value |
min | Find lowest value |
octdec | Octal to decimal |
pi | Get value of pi |
pow (numberToRaise, NumberRaisedTo) | Exponential expression |
rad2deg | Converts the radian number to the equivalent number in degrees |
rand | Generate a random integer |
round | Rounds a float |
sin | Sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the sin of it. |
sinh | Hyperbolic sine -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the sinh of it. |
sqrt | Square root |
tan | Tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the tan of it. |
tanh | Hyperbolic tangent -- in radians!!! Convert your degree measurement to radians before you take the tanh of it. |
Predefined constants
- Some predefined constants are available for you to use. A table of these appears below, altered from PHP: Mathematical Functions, where you can get more information. (Be careful, as the page may contain more information than you want!)
Constant | Value | Description |
---|---|---|
M_PI | 3.14159265358979323846 | Pi |
M_E | 2.7182818284590452354 | e |
M_LOG2E | 1.4426950408889634074 | log_2 e |
M_LOG10E | 0.43429448190325182765 | log_10 e |
M_LN2 | 0.69314718055994530942 | log_e 2 |
M_LN10 | 2.30258509299404568402 | log_e 10 |
M_PI_2 | 1.57079632679489661923 | pi/2 |
M_PI_4 | 0.78539816339744830962 | pi/4 |
M_1_PI | 0.31830988618379067154 | 1/pi |
M_2_PI | 0.63661977236758134308 | 2/pi |
M_2_SQRTPI | 1.12837916709551257390 | 2/sqrt(pi) |
M_SQRT2 | 1.41421356237309504880 | sqrt(2) |
M_SQRT1_2 | 0.70710678118654752440 | 1/sqrt(2) |
Additional predefined constants
- Some other constants may be available, depending on how your instance of Moodle is set up.
Constant | Value | Description |
---|---|---|
M_SQRTPI | 1.77245385090551602729 | sqrt(pi) |
M_SQRT3 | 1.73205080756887729352 | sqrt(3) |
M_LNPI | 1.14472988584940017414 | log_e(pi) |
M_EULER | 0.57721566490153286061 | Euler constant |