Tekst źródłowy strony Converting files to UTF-8

{{Moodle 1.6}}
Some files, like Moodle import and export files and custom language packs or language files from third party modules need to be converted or treated as UTF-8 before they may be used with Moodle 1.6 and later.

==*nix like computers (including Mac OS X)==
Generally, this may be done with the ''iconv'' command on Unix, Linux or a Mac. 

<code>iconv -f original_charset -t utf-8 originalfile > newfile</code>

''see also the windows explanation - the script there is one for *nix computers, but used in a cygwin environment''

==Windows computers==
For Windows, there are four methods of performing the conversion. 

=== Method 1 ===
* Open the flat file in PSPad (a freeware editor) : http://www.pspad.com  (some other editors people use: TextPad or NotePad++ or Crimson Editor, but there are many others. Windows built-in editors Notepad and Wordpad are often giving problems)
* Click on Format, UTF-8
* Save the file

=== Method 2 ===
Download the [http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/libiconv.htm Windows version] of the iconv program. Download the "Complete package, except source" and run the setup program. The executable is located in the bin folder. Run from the command prompt (Start -> Run -> cmd) and follow the instructions as above.

=== Method 3 ===
The conversion may also be done by using [http://www.cygwin.com Cygwin], a Linux-like environment for Windows, and excecuting the iconv command in that environment. Here is an example of a working solution on Windows with [http://www.cygwin.com Cygwin]:

* Create a text file, named ToUtf8.txt
* Fill it with the following code

<pre>#!/bin/bash
FROM=iso-8859-1
TO=UTF-8
ICONV="iconv -f $FROM -t $TO"
# Convert
find ToUTF/ -type f -name "*" | while read fn; do
cp ${fn} ${fn}.bak
$ICONV < ${fn}.bak > ${fn}
rm ${fn}.bak
done</pre>

Two things should be changed for your local situation:

# FROM is the originating encoding (the one your original files are in)
# ToUTF is the foldername where the files that need to be converted are in. This folder may contain subfolders. Make sure you have a backup!

* Start Cygwin.
* With the ''cd foldername, cd.., ls'' commands, go to the folder on your windows machine where the ToUtf8.txt script and the ToUTF8 folder are in.
* Execute the script by typing ''sh ToUtf8.txt'' and your files will be converted.

=== Method 4 === 
The default Unicode format for Microsoft Excel and Wordpad is UTF-16.
These files can be converted to UTF-8 using GNU Emacs 22.1

* Open the file with Emacs
* Enter the command <code>C-x RET c utf-8 RET</code>
* You will then be asked what command you want this encoding to apply to
* Enter the command <code>C-x C-w</code>  then enter a new file name
* The file you have saved will be UTF-8

==Saving files directly as UTF-8==

Most text editors these days can handle UTF-8, although you might have to tell them explicitly to do this when loading and saving files. (The notable exception to this is probably Notepad on Windows.)

===Windows===

You may save a file using Notepad (sometimes called "Editor") as UTF-8 but not with Wordpad.

# Open Notepad
# File - Save as -> there you see 3 fields set the last one called "encoding" to: UTF-8

===Mac OS X===

The built in text edit application has a 'Plain text encoding' option in the Save as... dialogue.

===Linux===

The standard Gnome Text Editor defaults to UTF-8 and has character set options when loading and saving.

==See also==

[[Category:Administrator]]
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:UTF-8]]

[[fr:Conversion de fichiers en UTF-8]]
[[ja:ファイルをUTF-8にコンバートする]]