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| A patch, sometimes also called a diff, is a file that shows what changes have been made to a file, or group of files. They are a common way for developers to exchange changes to software. For practical instructions see:
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| * [[Development:How_to_create_a_patch|How to create a patch]]
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| * [[Development:How_to_apply_a_patch|How to apply a patch]]
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| For more information about the patch format, read on. Here is a simple sample patch file:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| Index: lang/en_utf8/quiz.php
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| ===================================================================
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| RCS file: /cvsroot/moodle/moodle/lang/en_utf8/quiz.php,v
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| retrieving revision 1.57.2.10
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| diff -u -r1.57.2.10 quiz.php
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| --- lang/en_utf8/quiz.php 29 May 2007 17:47:25 -0000 1.57.2.10
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| +++ lang/en_utf8/quiz.php 25 Jun 2007 12:58:34 -0000
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| @@ -252,7 +255,6 @@
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| $string['indivresp'] = 'Responses of Individuals to Each Item';
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| $string['info'] = 'Info';
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| $string['introduction'] = 'Introduction';
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| -$string['invalidcategory'] = 'Category ID is invalid';
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| $string['invalidnumericanswer'] = 'One of the answers you entered was not a valid number.';
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| $string['invalidnumerictolerance'] = 'One of the tolerances you entered was not a valid number.';
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| $string['invalidsource'] = 'The source is not accepted as valid.';
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| @@ -375,8 +377,10 @@
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| $string['questiontypesetupoptions'] = 'Setup options for question types:';
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| $string['quiz:attempt'] = 'Attempt quizzes';
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| $string['quiz:deleteattempts'] = 'Delete quiz attempts';
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| +$string['quiz:emailconfirmsubmission'] = 'Receive own quiz submission notification';
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| +$string['quiz:emailnotifysubmission'] = 'Receive student quiz submission notifications';
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| $string['quiz:grade'] = 'Grade quizzes manually';
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| -$string['quiz:ignoretimelimits'] = 'Ignores time limit on quizzes';
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| +$string['quiz:ignoretimelimits'] = 'Ignores time limit on quizs';
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| $string['quiz:manage'] = 'Manage quizzes';
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| $string['quiz:preview'] = 'Preview quizzes';
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| $string['quiz:view'] = 'View quiz information';
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| At the top it says which file is being affected. Changes to several files can be included in one patch. Lines added are shown with a '+', lines removed are shown with a '-', lines changed are shown as the old line being removed and the new one added.
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| Patch files are good because they only show the changed parts of the file. This has two advantages: it easy to understand the change; and if other parts of the same files change between the patch being made an being used, there is no problem, the patch will still apply.
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| Note that there are several slight variants of the patch format. The example above is a 'unified' patch, which is now the standard.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Development:How_to_create_a_patch|How to create a patch]]
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| * [[Development:How_to_apply_a_patch|How to apply a patch]]
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| [[Category:Developer]]
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