View source for Help:Editing

== Editing Basics ==

;Start editing
:To start editing a page, click on the "'''Edit this page'''" (or just "'''edit'''") link at one of its edges. This will bring you to the '''edit page''': a page with a text box containing the ''wikitext'': the editable source code from which the server produces the webpage.

;Summarize your changes
:You should write a short edit summary in the small field below the edit-box.

;Preview before saving
:When you have finished, press preview to see how your changes will look - '''before''' you make them permanent.  Repeat the edit/preview process until you are satisfied, then click "Save" and your changes will be immediately applied to the article.

== Wikitext markup ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.

<!-- This is the original
= DO NOT USE THIS =
== New section ==
=== Subsection ===
==== Sub-subsection ====
 -->

<!-- next set
<h1> DO NOT USE THIS </h1>
<h2> New section </h2>
<h3> Subsection </h3>
<h4> Sub-subsection </h4>
 -->

<!-- This code prevents confusion in the section editing feature-->
<b><font style="font-size:120%"> New section </font></b>

<b><font style="font-size:110%"> Subsection</font></b>

<b><font style="font-size:100%"> Sub-subsection</font></b>

*Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
*Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
*A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections. 
*If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the toc of large page<h4></nowiki>.
|<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>


|-
|
;Newline:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph, 
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki><p></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></p></nowiki> or the end  of the section)

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.

|<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>

|-
|
* ''Unordered lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
*A newline
*in a list  
marks the end of the list.
*Of course
*you can
*start again.

|<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
*A newline
*in a list  
marks the end of the list.
*Of course
*you can
*start again.

</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
#A newline
#in a list  
marks the end of the list.
#New numbering starts
#with 1.

|<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
#A newline
#in a list  
marks the end of the list.
#New numbering starts
#with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines<br>in lists
|<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines<br>in lists</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase 
: phrase defined
|<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase 
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
|-
|
;indenting
:A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:Talk page|Talk page]]s.
|<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
|- 
|
When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.  
</blockquote> 
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.  
|
<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent 
both margins when needed instead of the 
left margin only as the colon does.  
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
|<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
|-
|A horizontal dividing line: 
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
|<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line: 
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>
|}

=== Links, URLs ===
==== Internal links ====
*Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets -- <nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>
*First letter of target name is automatically capitalized
*Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself)
*[[the weather in London|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red -- [[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
*When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing...
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
;Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]] 
(or [[Official position]]s).
|<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the 
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
*For more info see [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
*[[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]]. 
|<pre><nowiki>
*For more info see [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
*[[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Section of page
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco]]. 
*[[List of cities by country#Sealand]].
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has alreay appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
|
<pre><nowiki>*[[List of cities by country#Morocco]].
*[[List of cities by country#Sealand]].</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki></nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;[[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''': 
*[[Help:Link|About Links]]
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco|
Cities in Morocco]]
|<pre><nowiki>*[[Help:Link|About Links]]
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco|
Cities in Morocco]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''"blank" pipes''' hide:
*Words in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
*Namespace: [[Meta:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
|<pre><nowiki>*In parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]]. 
*Namespace: [[Meta:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Links to nonexistent pages
[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't exist yet.
*You can create it by clicking on the link.
*Have a look at [[Help:Starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
|<pre><nowiki>[[The weather in London]] is a page
that doesn't exist yet.</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Link to yourself
You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]]
: Or your user name plus date/time: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
|<pre><nowiki>You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Or your user name plus date/time: ~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;[[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s 
one article title to another with this special link.
|<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;"Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]]
* [[w:Request for Comments|RFC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:Rfcurl]])
|<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
<br/>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
|<pre>
<nowiki>
[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Links to Categories
To include links to a Category page.
<br/>[[:Category:English documentation]]
|<pre>
<nowiki>
[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting.
|<pre><nowiki>[[July 20]], [[1969]] , [[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>will all appear as [[20 July]]-[[1969]] if you set your date display preference to 1 January 2001.
|-
|
;Special pages
"What links here" and "Recent changes" can be linked as:<br/>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}]]
|<pre><nowiki>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/
Help:Editing]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/
Help:Editing]]</nowiki></pre>
|}

====External links====
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
|[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
|<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
|-
|Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
*In the [[Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &amp;#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
|<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>
|}

=== Images, video, and sounds ===
See also: [[Help:Images and other uploaded files]]

{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
;In-line picture: [[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]]
* For many projects, only images that have been uploaded to the same project or [[commons:|the Commons]] can be used. To upload images, use the [[Special:Upload|upload page]]. You can find the uploaded image on the [[Special:Imagelist|image list]]
|<pre><nowiki>
A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png]]</nowiki></pre>
or, with alternative text (''strongly'' encouraged) <!-- actually required in HTML4 -->     vbgf
<pre><nowiki>[[Image:Wiki.png|
Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] </nowiki>
</pre>
[[w:Web browser|Web browser]]s render alternative text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. See [[w:Wikipedia:Alternative text for images|Alternative text for images]] for help on choosing alternative text.  See [[Help:Extended image syntax|Extended image syntax]] for more options.
There is  [[Help:Images and other uploaded files#More_details_and_examples_on_embedding_internal_images__into_articles|more information]] on resizing and other formatting tricks.
|-
|
;Other ways of linking to pictures
*The [[Help:Image page|Image page]]: [[:Image:Wiki.png]]
*A link to just the picture: [[media:Wiki.png|Wikipedia]]
* Clicking on an image displayed on a page (such as any of the ones above) also leads to the description page
* To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
|<pre><nowiki>[[:Image:Wiki.png]]
[[media:Wiki.png|Wikipedia]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''Other Media Links -- Video and Sounds'''
Use a "media" link: [[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
<br>There is 
[[Help:Images and other uploaded files#Supported_file_types.3B_miscellaneous|More information on other media types]].
|<pre><nowiki>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]</nowiki></pre>
|}

=== Text formatting -- controlling how it looks ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>What it looks like</th>
<th>What you type</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b>.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b>
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b>.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you 
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b></nowiki></pre><!-- that's not a mathematical formula, though -- sure it is, just because it's being applied to physics doesn't make it stop being mathematics -->
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write 
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">
in small caps</span>.
If the wiki has the templates, this can 
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write 
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">
in small caps</span>.
If the wiki has the templates, this can 
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font, sometimes used for 
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for 
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> where applicable is preferable to using <code>&lt;tt&gt;</code>.
</td><!-- tt is really 'teletype', not 'technical term' -->
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can use <small>small text</small> 
for captions.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="bottom" id="subscript"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub><br/>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2;

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &amp;sup2; than with &lt;sup>2&lt;/sup>

&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.
<br/>
<br/>
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]
</td>

<td valign="bottom"><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&amp;sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&amp;epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &amp;times; 10<sup>&amp;minus;12</sup>
C&amp;sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&amp;sup2]]
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>

===Spacing things out -- spaces and tables ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td>
;Using non-breaking spaces
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&ge;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0 true.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&amp;nbsp;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;ge;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;0 true.
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;Using [[Help:Table#Simple_example|Wikitext piped tables]]
{||-
|<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> 
| width=20px | || width=20px | &ge;0 || true.
|-
| a || || b
|}
See templates [[Template:hs1]], [[Template:hs]], and [[Template:vs]] for more examples
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>
{||-
|<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> 
| width=20px | || width=20px | &ge;0 || true.
|-
| a || || b
|}
</nowiki></pre>
See [[Help:Table]] for more information
</td>
</tr>

</table>

===Just show what I typed===
&lt;nowiki&gt; and &lt;pre&gt; tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
;Example:

arrow      &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>arrow      &amp;rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom">
;&lt;nowiki>
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (removing newlines and multiple spaces)
<nowiki>
arrow      &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><nowiki>
arrow      &amp;rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki></pre>

</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;<nowiki><pre></nowiki> 
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text

<pre>arrow      &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><pre>arrow      &amp;rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
; leading space
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text 
 arrow      &rarr;
 
 ''italics''
 [[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre> <nowiki>arrow      &amp;rarr;

 ''italics''
 [[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign=top>
<td>
;preformatted text
 IF a line of plain text starts with a space
  it will be formatted exactly
    as typed
  in a fixed-width font
  lines won't wrap
 ENDIF
 this is useful for:
  * pasting preformatted text;
  * algorithm descriptions;
  * program source code
  * ASCII art;
  * chemical structures;

For larger preformatted text passages you can use the <nowiki><pre>a lot of text</pre></nowiki> tag.

WARNING If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.<br>
<center>(see also below)</center>
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
  it will be formatted exactly
    as typed
  in a fixed-width font
  lines won't wrap
 ENDIF
 this is useful for:
  * pasting preformatted text;
  * algorithm descriptions;
  * program source code
  * ASCII art;
  * chemical structures;
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>


<tr>
<td>
;typewriter font:

<tt>arrow      &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</tt>

</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow      &amp;rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki></tt></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;Show special character codes:

&amp;rarr;
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre>&amp;amp;rarr;</pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;Comments
The text between '''here'''
<!-- comment here -->
'''and here''' won't be displayed
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''
<!-- comment here -->
'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

[[Category:MoodleDocs]]