Tipus de pregunta respostes incrustades (Cloze)

Nota: Pendent de Traduir. Hi ha Voluntaris!? (altres pàgines pendents)

Les preguntes de Respostes incrustades (Cloze) consisteixen en passatges de text (en el format del Moodle) que tenen algunes respostes amagades, algunes de múltiple resposta, d'altres de resposta breu i respostes numèriques.

De moment encara no hi ha cap interfície gràfica per a crear aquestes preguntes - heu d'especificar el format de la pregunta utilitzant el quadre de text o important-les des de fitxers externs.

Molta gent opina que amb Hot Potatoes és una manera més fàcil per crear aquest tipus de preguntes. Un cop creades en el vostre PC, les podeu importar al mòdul de qüestionari del Moodle.

Límit d'importació: només podeu importar una pregunta de resposta incrustada a la vegada. Si penseu en a crear un fitxer .txt file per importar diverses preguntes a la vegada, no funcionarà.

Configuració d'una pregunta

Escolliu una categoria.
Doneu un nom descriptiu a la pregunta per tal de poder-la identificar al Banc de preguntes.
Introduïu un passatge del text (en format Moodle - veure Format més avall) al quadre de text.
Podeu seleccionar una imatge per a mostrar si voleu introduir una fotografia a la pregunta. Per a l'estudiant apareixerà immediatament després de la pregunta.
Poseu la 'Qualificació per defecte de la pregunta' (i.e. la màxima puntuació per a aquesta pregunta).
Poseu el 'Factor de penalització' (veure Factor de penalització més avall).
Moodle 1.7+: Si ho desitgeu, pode afegir una retroacció general. És un petit text que apareix a l'estudiant després d'haver respost la pregunta.
Moodle 1.7+: L'editor ha sigut modificat i ara permet comprovar si vostra sintaxi és bona.
Cliqueu "Desa els canvis".

Factor de penalització

El 'Factor de penalització' només s'aplica quan la pegunta s'utilitza dins d'un qüestionari - i.e. on l'estudiant té permès fer múltiples intents-. Si el factor de penalització es major que 0, llavors l'estudiant perdrà la proporció de la màxima puntuació a cada intent successiu. Per exemple, si la puntuació de la pregunta és per defecte 10, i el factor de penalització és 0.2, llavors cada intent successiu després de primer tindrà una penalització de 0.2 x 10 = 2 punts.

Renderització de pregunta

La resposta de la pregunta INPUT HTML ELEMENT ( Curta i numèrica) o SELECT HTML ELEMENT (multiresposta) es mostren normalment dins la línia amb el text.

La mida de l'entrada de l'element HTML (INPUT HTML ELEMENT) ( Curt i numèric) a la mida de la llargada de la resposta més llarga (bona o dolenta) + un número aleatori (0 a 15% de llargada total).(Pierre Pichet 15:37, 26 January 2008 (CST))

La mida s'ajustarà a la llargada de la resposta de l'estudiant quan s'esdevingui el procés de qualificació i retroacció.

La mida de l'element SELECT HTML ELEMENT (multiresposta) s'ajustarà automàticament en la resposta més llarga.

Format

La documentació d'ajuda per a les respostes incrustades del Moodle dóna un exemple.

Per a més detalls sobre el format de les preguntes incrustades, veure Explicació de sintaxis detallada més avall.

Si la resposta correcta conté { } # ~ / " o \ haureu de posar \ davant de cada caràcter. En la retroacció ~ i } altrament això serà interpretat com la següent resposta o final de la secció de respostes breus respectivament. Signes de citació: " pot portar problemes a qualsevol dels dos llocs. Utilitzeu l'entitat HTML: & cita; (sense espais entre & i cita;). Si voleu tenir símbols matemàtics pot haver-hi problemes amb \ utilitzada en expressions TeX. Una alternativa pot ser utilitzar caràcters unicode.

See the notes further down about numerical embedded question!

Examples

The following text creates a simple embedded-answers question:

Match the following cities with the correct state:
* San Francisco: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}
* Tucson: {1:MULTICHOICE:California#Wrong~%100%Arizona#OK}
* Los Angeles: {1:MULTICHOICE:=California#OK~Arizona#Wrong}
* Phoenix: {1:MULTICHOICE:%0%California#Wrong~=Arizona#OK}
The capital of France is {1:SHORTANSWER:=Paris#Congratulations!~%50%Marseille#No, that
is the second largest city in France (after Paris).~*#Wrong answer. The capital of France
is Paris, of course.}.

Some things to note:

The individual embedded answers are represented by the code in braces {}.
The number at the start is the 'weight', so in this case each answer contributes an equal share of the overall grade.
The correct option in each case is preceded either by an = sign or by %100%.
The text appearing after the # that follows each option is the feedback that the student will see if they choose that option.
If the student enters 'Marseille' in the final example, they score 50% of the total grade.
The asterisk * preceding the "Wrong answer" feedback in the final example means that the student will see this feedback if they enter anything other than "Paris" or "Marseille".

Explicació de sintaxis detallada

all question items within a cloze-type question are coded inside curled braces { }
the number which appears between the opening brace and the colon {1: is the weighting of that item; if it is set at 1 for all the items, it needs not be specified, so you can have {:
after the colon we have the item question type: MULTICHOICE, SHORTANSWER, NUMERICAL
NOTE.- If you have installed the REGEXP question type plugin you can also use the REGEXP question type
the syntax for MULTICHOICE and SHORTANSWER is the same; the only difference is in the displaying of the item to the student
the order of the various answers is indifferent (except if you want a catch-all for wrong answers, see #12 below)
a correct answer is preceded with the equal sign = or a percentage (usually %100%)
a wrong answer is preceded with nothing or a percentage (usually %0%)
you can allocate some points between 0 and 100 to some answers, if you put the appropriate percentage
all answers except the first one are separated from one another by the tilde ~ sign
answers can be followed by an optional feedback message, preceded with the # sign; if there is no feedback message, the # sign can be present or absent, it does not matter
note that the feedback message is displayed in a small popup window (if and when feedback has been declared accessible to the students in the Quiz settings) upon mouse hovering. The popup window has a title "feedback" and you can use HTML tags to format your feedback. In some browsers (For example IE5.5) the form fields can cover part of the feedback windows. It can help to not have the formfields for the answers too close to each other.
in the SHORTANSWER type you may want to put a catch-all (wrong) answer in order to send a "wrong, try again" feedback; you can do this by inserting an asterisk * as the very last expected answer in your formula
unfortunately in MULTICHOICE MODE it is not possible to get the answers to be scrambled
unfortunately in SHORTANSWER mode it is not possible to make the answers case-sensitive except by using a workaround explained in this thread)

Numerical Cloze questions

From the student perspective, a numerical Cloze question looks just like a short-answer question or fill in the blanks.

The difference is that numerical answers are allowed to have an accepted error. This allows a continuous range of answers to be set. You can also express your answer in some different numerical formats. 23.4 23,4 (some countries use , as a decimal separator) and 2.34E+1 (meaning 2.34*10^1) would be interpreted as the same.

False positives

Moodle1.8 Note: the following examples of false positives do not apply to Moodle 1.8+, where you cannot use percentages or fractions as the answers in a numerical Cloze test; Moodle will generate an error if you try to save such a question. However the following may be relevant for earlier versions of Moodle.

More examples:	 
0.5 accepts .5 0.5 ,5 0,5 0.500 5e-1 5E-1 but not 1/2 50% 	 
50% accepts 50% 50.0% 5E1% 50/100 even 50/1000 50 but not 500/1000 0.5	 
1/2 accepts 1/2 1/3 1twenty but not 2/4 0.5 0,5 3/6 50% ½	 
½ accepts ½	 
HALF doesn't even accept HALF (maybe 0?)

If you want to accept several variants you can have them in the same {} but be careful, notice the "false positives" in bold!

Syntax for numerical Cloze questions

The format of a NUMERICAL Cloze question is similar to that of the other Cloze types and they can be mixed in the same question. As with other Cloze tests, you write your question or incomplete text, and add the Cloze code at the point where the student is supposed to enter their numerical answer.

An example of the syntax used is shown below:

Note: It is preferable to write the code in 'source code' mode. The WSIWYG editor can insert linebreaks that make the question not function. The linebreak in the example box below is for readability only! A problem with these questions is the readability of the code! :(

{2:NUMERICAL:=23.8:0.1#Feedback for correct answer 23.8	 
~%50%23.8:2#Feedback for ½credit near correct answer}.

In this example:

2: is the question point weight, which means that this question has twice the weight in the final point(s) for this question as other partial answers with weight 1 (or no declared weight - you can start with {: for the default weight 1) in the same question.
NUMERICAL: says what kind of question it is. It must be in CAPS.
=23.8:0.1 = or %100% means correct if the answer is 23.8 with an accepted error of 0.1, then any number between 23.7 and 23.9 will be accepted as correct. (In the GIFT numerical question one can express an interval like this 13..15 or 14:1 but in Cloze only 14:1 works.)
#Feedback for correct answer 23.8 is preceded by #
~%50%23.8:2 ~ is the separator for answer alternatives %50% means this answer would get 50% of the score that the more precise answer had gotten. Because the tolerance here is 2, 21.8 to 25.8 would get this point and feedback.

The feedback (which is seen within a popup window when the user hovers over the answer space) is formattable with HTML tags. For example, if you want an exponent, surround it with superscript tags: <sup> </sup>. You can even include pictures in the feedback popup, but you must clean out all " characters and save while still in source code mode (not WYSIWYG). So, this works in feedback popup:

#See this picture:<br><img src=Something.gif />}

but not this:

#See this picture:<br><img src="Something.gif" />}

(ALGEBRA and TEX filters don't work in the feedback popups, but they can be very useful in the question writing for math/science expressions). But you can use [unicode] characters.

If you want to give feedback for any answer that didn't fit the intervals you already have specified feedback for, add some BIG general intervals, like for positive answers (if they aren't bigger than 20000 you could add:

~%0%10000.0001:10000#Feedback for unspecified not_right answers}

This would give feedback for anything from 0.0001 to 20000.0001 (that hadn't already gotten feedback). I didn't want to include 0 since that special case as well as negative ought to have specific reactions.

~%0%0#Hey! It can't be zero	 
~%0%-10000.0001:10000#We just want the size here,	 
so a negative value is not what we want}

Numerical questions could, before version 1.7, also have case-insensitive non-numerical answers. This is useful whenever the answer for a numerical question is something like +inf, -inf, NaN etc.

Documentation